ArticleVirchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology2024
Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor budding in stage II colon cancer: exploring zero budding as a prognostic marker.
Article in Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrating perioperative inflammation and pathological invasiveness to predict recurrence after curative colorectal cancer surgery: a multicenter cohort study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Tumor Budding in Upper Gastrointestinal Carcinomas: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cureus · 2024Review
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Tumor budding, a biomarker traditionally evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, has gained recognition as a prognostic biomarker for stage II colon cancer. Nevertheless, while H&E staining offers valuable insights, its limitations prompt the utilization of pan-cytokeratin immunohistochemistry (IHC). Consequently, this study seeks to evaluate the prognostic significance of tumor budding using IHC in a contemporary cohort of stage II colon cancer patients, aiming to deepen our understanding of this critical facet in cancer prognosis. We conducted a retrospective, population-based cohort study including 493 patients with stage II colon cancer and evaluated tumor budding using IHC, following the H&E-based guidelines proposed by the International Tumor Budding Consensus Conference Group. Correlation between H&E-based and IHC-based tumor budding was assessed using a four-tiered scoring system that included a zero budding (Bd0) category. Survival analyses explored the prognostic significance of tumor budding assessed by IHC and H&E. As expected, IHC-based tumor budding evaluation yielded significantly higher bud counts compared to H&E (p < 0.01). Interestingly, 21 patients were identified with no tumor budding using IHC. This was associated with significantly improved recurrence-free survival (HR = 5.19, p = 0.02) and overall survival (HR = 4.47, p = 0.04) in a multivariate analysis when compared to tumors with budding. The Bd0 category demonstrated a 100% predictive value for the absence of recurrence. In conclusion, IHC-based tumor budding evaluation in stage II colon cancer provides additional prognostic information. The absence of tumor budding is associated with a favorable prognosis and may serve as a potential marker for identifying patients with no risk of recurrence.
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