Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38971786›Full record

ArticleMalaria journal2024

Efficacy and safety of chloroquine plus primaquine for the treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria in Hamusit site, Northwestern Ethiopia.

Habtamu Gebrie, Mulat Yimer, Animen Ayehu, Hussien Mohammed, Henok Hailgiorgis, Yonas Wuletaw, Mesay Hailu, Getachew Tolera, Geremew Tasew, Mogess Kassa and 1 more

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Article in Malaria journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
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  5. High Prevalence ofThe Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Habtamu GebrieDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science College of Medicine and Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia. habtamugebrie2012@gmail.com.
Mulat YimerDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Animen AyehuDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Hussien MohammedEthiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Henok HailgiorgisEthiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Yonas WuletawEthiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Mesay HailuEthiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Getachew ToleraEthiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Geremew TasewEthiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Mogess KassaEthiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Bokretsion GideyEthiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPlasmodium vivax malaria is still an important public health problem in Ethiopia. Unlike Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax has a dormant liver stage (hypnozoite) that can be a risk of recurrent vivax malaria unless treated by radical cure with primaquine. Drug resistance to chloroquine is threatening malaria control and elimination efforts. This study assessed the therapeutic efficacy and safety of chloroquine plus 14 days of primaquine on P. vivax infection based on parasitological, clinical, and haematological parameters.

methodsA single-arm in vivo prospective therapeutic efficacy study was conducted to assess the clinical and parasitological response to the first-line treatment of P. vivax in Ethiopia, chloroquine plus 14 days low dose of (0.25 mg/kg/day) primaquine between December 2022 and March 2023 at Hamusit Health Centre using the standard World Health Organization (WHO) protocol. A total of 100 study participants with P. vivax mono-infection who were over 6 months old were enrolled and monitored for adequate clinical and parasitological responses for 42 days. The WHO double-entry Excel sheet and SPSS v.25 software were used for Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and a paired t-test was used for analysis of haemoglobin improvements between follow up days.

resultsA total of 100 patients were enrolled among those, 96% cases were rural residents, 93% had previous malaria exposure, and predominant age group was 5-15 years (61%). 92.6% (95% CI 85.1-96.4%) of enrolled patients were adequate clinical and parasitological response, and 7.4% (95% CI 3.6-14.9%) recurrences were observed among treated patients. The fever and parasite clearance rate on day 3 were 98% and 94%, respectively. The baseline haemoglobin levels improved significantly compared to those days 14 and 42 (p < 0.001). No serious adverse event was observed during the study period.

conclusionsIn this study, co-administration of chloroquine with primaquine was efficacious and well-tolerated with fast resolution of fever and high parasites clearance rate. However, the 7.4% failure is reported is alarming that warrant further monitoring of the therapeutic efficacy study of P. vivax.

Indexed as

AntimalarialsChloroquineDrug Therapy, CombinationMalaria, VivaxPlasmodium vivaxPrimaquineAdolescentAdultAgedChildChild, PreschoolEthiopiaFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedAntimalarialsChloroquinePrimaquineChloroquineDrug efficacyEthiopiaPlasmodium vivaxPrimaquine

Identifiers

PMID38971786
PMCPMC11227712

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.