ArticleJAMA network open2024
Preoperative vs Postoperative Opioid Prescriptions and Prolonged Opioid Refills Among US Youths.
Article in JAMA network open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Gabapentin and Opioid Prescribing Trends among Adolescents Undergoing Common Procedures: A National Retrospective Cohort Study.Anesthesiology · 2026Article
- Adolescent outcomes of Post-operative opioid EXposure (APEX): Protocol for a multisite observational study.Journal of substance use and addiction treatment · 2026Article
- Use of Zynrelef (bupivacaine and meloxicam) to eliminate the need for opioids in laparoscopic pre-peritoneal inguinal hernia repairs.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- The Adolescent Surgery Experience (ASE): a survey-based prospective cohort study to measure risk factors for persistent opioid use.BJA open · 2025Article
- Association Between Congenital Heart Disease Complexity, Mental Health Conditions and Opioid Use Disorder.JACC. Advances · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Importance: High-risk practices, including dispensing an opioid prescription before surgery when not recommended, remain poorly characterized among US youths and may contribute to new persistent opioid use. Objective: To characterize changes in preoperative, postoperative, and refill opioid prescriptions up to 180 days after surgery. Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective cohort study was performed using national claims data to determine opioid prescribing practices among a cohort of opioid-naive youths aged 11 to 20 years undergoing 22 inpatient and outpatient surgical procedures between 2015 and 2020. Statistical analysis was performed from June 2023 to April 2024. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was the percentage of initial opioid prescriptions filled up to 14 days prior to vs 7 days after a procedure. Secondary outcomes included the likelihood of a refill up to 180 days after surgery, including refills at 91 to 180 days, as a proxy for new persistent opioid use, and the opioid quantity dispensed in the initial and refill prescriptions in morphine milligram equivalents (MME). Exposures included patient and prescriber characteristics. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between prescription timing and prolonged refills. Results: Among 100 026 opioid-naive youths (median [IQR] age, 16.0 [14.0-18.0] years) undergoing a surgical procedure, 46 951 (46.9%) filled an initial prescription, of which 7587 (16.2%) were dispensed 1 to 14 days before surgery. The mean quantity dispensed was 227 (95% CI, 225-229) MME; 6467 youths (13.8%) filled a second prescription (mean MME, 239 [95% CI, 231-246]) up to 30 days after surgery, and 1216 (3.0%) refilled a prescription 91 to 180 days after surgery. Preoperative prescriptions, increasing age, and procedures not typically associated with severe pain were most strongly associated with new persistent opioid use. Conclusions and Relevance: In this retrospective study of youths undergoing surgical procedures, of which, many are typically not painful enough to require opioid use, opioid dispensing declined, but approximately 1 in 6 prescriptions were filled before surgery, and 1 in 33 adolescents filled prescriptions 91 to 180 days after surgery, consistent with new persistent opioid use. These findings should be addressed by policymakers and communicated by professional societies to clinicians who prescribe opioids.
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