SynthesisInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2024
Global and regional seroprevalence, incidence, mortality of, and risk factors for scrub typhus: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sero-Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus Infection in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Pooled it
- Burden of scrub typhus in north-eastern region of India: A systematic review and meta-regression analysis.The Indian journal of medical research · 2026Pooled it
- Imaging in scrub typhus - a pictorial review.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026Review
- A rare case of scrub typhus complicated by severe hemolytic anemia, septic shock, and multi-organ dysfunction in a patient with thalassemia.Tropical medicine and health · 2026Article
- Transformation and allelic exchange inmBio · 2026Article
- Tick cells as a tractable arthropod model for studyingApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Transformation and allelic exchange inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Meningoencephalitis in Flea-Borne Typhus: A Report of Two Cases and a Review of CNS Complications.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Methods for estimating the burden of acute tropical infectious diseases: A scoping review.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- A Compact Closed Genome ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Epidemiology and risk factors in a scrub typhus cluster in Odisha, India, 2023: Investigating with a One Health approach.One health outlook · 2026Article
- A humanized IFN-γ mouse model reveals skin eschar formation, enhanced susceptibility and scrub typhus pathogenesis.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- High levels of Interleukin - 13 in patients with scrub typhus correlate with disease severity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Advancing the diagnosis of scrub typhus with targeted next-generation sequencing.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Application of artificial intelligence models in the identification of severe scrub typhus.Frontiers in artificial intelligence · 2026Article
- Longitudinal peripheral blood immune profiling reveals dynamic changes of five major immune cell lineages and their clinical associations in pediatric scrub typhus.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Orientia tsutsugamushi Antibodies in Patients with Eschars and Suspected Tickborne Disease.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Associations between meteorological factors and scrub typhus incidence: a systematic review and meta-analysis of linear and nonlinear dose-response relationships.Tropical medicine and health · 2025Article
- Epidemiologic features and potential year of life lost of scrub typhus in China: A nationwide surveillance analysis (2006- 2023).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Scrub typhus in the era of climate change: exploring lagged and cumulative effects of meteorological factors in the Republic of Korea, 2001-2024, a nationwide time-series study.Osong public health and research perspectives · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesScrub typhus is underdiagnosed and underreported but emerging as a global public health problem. We aimed to provide the first comprehensive review on the seroprevalence, incidence, mortality of and risk factors for scrub typhus.
methodsWe searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and other databases. Trended incidence and median mortality were calculated and pooled seroprevalence and risk factors for scrub typhus were evaluated using the random-effects meta-analysis.
resultsWe included 663 articles from 29 countries/regions. The pooled seroprevalence was 10.73% (95%CI 9.47-12.13%) among healthy individuals and 22.58% (95%CI: 20.55%-24.76%) among febrile patients. Mainland China reported the highest number of cases and South Korea and Thailand had the highest incidence rates. Median mortalities were 5.00% (range: 0.00-56.00%) among hospital inpatients, 6.70% (range: 0.00-33.33%) among patients without specified admission status and 2.17% (range: 0.00-22.22%) among outpatients. The significant risk factors included agricultural work, specific vegetation exposure, other outdoor activities, risky personal health habits, and proximity to rodents, livestock, or poultry.
conclusionsOur comprehensive review elucidates the significant yet variable burden of scrub typhus across different regions, underscoring its emergence as a critical public health concern globally.
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