ArticleThe New Zealand medical journal2024
Epidemiology and diagnostic challenges of anti-NMDAR encephalitis: a study from the Waikato region.
Article in The New Zealand medical journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
aimsAnti-NMDAR encephalitis is an increasingly recognised autoimmune disorder, with evolving diagnostic criteria. This study aims to analyse the prevalence and diagnostic patterns of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in a New Zealand hospital setting.
methodsData from Waikato Hospital's lab database, encompassing anti-NMDAR antibody requests between August 2013 and July 2023, were examined. Cases were categorised based on age, gender and diagnostic outcomes.
resultsIn all requests, 288/318 (91%) were processed and 10/288 (3.5%) anti-NMDAR antibodies were positive. Positive cases were equally frequent by sex, with an average age of 29.4 years. Only 6/10 were diagnosed with anti-NMDAR encephalitis, while others received alternative diagnoses. Māori ethnicity was overrepresented. This study indicates a low prevalence of anti-NMDAR encephalitis in the Waikato region, with adult predominance. Ethnic disparities were observed. The need for refining testing criteria to optimise cost-effectiveness is discussed.
conclusionAnti-NMDAR encephalitis is relatively rare in Waikato Hospital, New Zealand, with diagnostic challenges related to testing criteria and ethnic diversity. Further research and consideration of testing protocols are warranted.
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