ReviewInternational journal of molecular medicine2024
Metformin prevents the onset and progression of intervertebral disc degeneration: New insights and potential mechanisms (Review).
Review in International journal of molecular medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Clinical Relevance of Oxidative Imbalance in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorder-Myofascial Pain with Referral: An Exploratory Case-Control Study.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Superoxide dismutase in intervertebral disc degeneration: from pathophysiological mechanism to therapeutic strategies.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Move beyond free radical theory of aging.iMetaOmics · 2026Review
- Article
- Cellular and molecular mechanisms of diabetes-mediated disc degeneration.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Comprehensive identification of risk factors for recurrence after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Review
- Impact of metformin on intervertebral disc degeneration in patients with diabetes: a prospective cohort study from the UK biobank.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- miR-191-5p attenuates TNF-α-induced inflammation in nucleus pulposus cells via targeting EGR1.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Metformin and bone metabolism: unraveling their direct and indirect effects.Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Review
- Shared diagnostic genes and potential mechanisms between intervertebral disc degeneration and diabetes mellitus revealed by integrated transcriptomic analysis and machine learning.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Immunometabolic regulation of disulfidptosis in orthopedic diseases: mechanistic heterogeneity and therapeutic targets.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Metformin has been the go‑to medical treatment for addressing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as a frontline oral antidiabetic. Obesity, cancer and bone deterioration are linked to T2DM, which is considered a metabolic illness. Numerous diseases associated with T2DM, such as tumours, cardiovascular disease and bone deterioration, may be treated with metformin. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is distinguished by degeneration of the spinal disc, accompanied by the gradual depletion of proteoglycans and water in the nucleus pulposus (NP) of the IVD, resulting in lower back pain. The therapeutic effect of metformin on IVDD has also attracted much attention. By stimulating AMP‑activated kinase, metformin could enhance autophagy and suppress cell senescence, apoptosis and inflammation, thus effectively delaying IVDD. The present review aimed to systematically explain the development of IVDD and mechanism of metformin in the treatment and prevention of IVDD to provide a reference for the clinical application of metformin as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of IVDD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.