ReviewJournal of immunology research2024
Advances in Bacterial Lysate Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases and Cancer.
Review in Journal of immunology research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Preclinical Evaluation of Bacterial Lysates in Murine Disease Models: A Systematic Review.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Pooled it
- Bioengineered bacteria in cancer immunotherapy: mechanistic advances, therapeutic strategies and clinical potential.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Postbiotics and paraprobiotics in food biochemistry mechanisms stability and nutritional applications.NPJ science of food · 2026Review
- The authors respond to feedback onFrontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Bioengineering strategies to enhance BCG immunotherapy against bladder cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- OM-85 and Respiratory Symptoms in Korean Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Multicenter Observational Study.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026Article
- The impact of bacterial lysate (OM-85) on clinical and immunological parameters in children with allergic rhinitis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2025Article
- Flagellins as Vaccine Adjuvants and Cancer Immunotherapy: Recent Advances and Future Prospects.Immunology · 2025Review
- Bacterial Lysates Modulate Human Macrophage Responses by Inducing BPI Production and Autophagy.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Development of a Bacterial Lysate from Antibiotic-Resistant Pathogens Causing Hospital Infections.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Immunomodulatory Effects of PulmonaromPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Immunostimulatory Effects of Bacterial Lysate Proteins on THP-1 Macrophages: Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Response and Proteomic Profiling.Journal of immunology research · 2025Article
- Is There a Role for Immunostimulant Bacterial Lysates in the Management of Respiratory Tract Infection?Biomolecules · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antigenic cell fragments, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, and other immunostimulants in bacterial lysates or extracts may induce local and systemic immune responses in specific and nonspecific paradigms. Based on current knowledge, this review aimed to determine whether bacterial lysate has comparable functions in infectious diseases and cancer treatment. In infectious diseases, including respiratory and urinary tract infections, immune system activation by bacterial lysate can identify and combat pathogens. Commercially available bacterial lysates, including OM-85, Ismigen, Lantigen B, and LW 50020, were effective in children and adults in treating respiratory tract infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rhinitis, and rhinosinusitis with varying degrees of success. Moreover, OM-89, Uromune, Urovac, Urivac, and ExPEC4V showed therapeutic benefits in controlling urinary tract infections in adults, especially women. Bacterial lysate-based therapeutics are safe, well-tolerated, and have few side effects, making them a good alternative for infectious disease management. Furthermore, a nonspecific immunomodulation by bacterial lysates may stimulate innate immunity, benefiting cancer treatment. "Coley's vaccine" has been used to treat sarcomas, carcinomas, lymphomas, melanomas, and myelomas with varying outcomes. Later, several similar bacterial lysate-based therapeutics have been developed to treat cancers, including bladder cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and myeloma; among them, BCG for in situ bladder cancer is well-known. Proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.