ArticleBMJ open sport & exercise medicine2024
Untangling the relationships between age, gender, type of sport, perfectionistic self-presentation and motivation on body satisfaction: a cross-sectional study on aesthetic and non-aesthetic female and male athletes aged 10 to 22 years.
Article in BMJ open sport & exercise medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed.
- From self-perception to behavioral drive: the dual-motivational interactive pathways of how body satisfaction and health evaluation affect physical activity.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Perfectionism and college students' psychological adaptation: the mediating and moderating role of physical education satisfaction.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Changes in Body Composition and Body Image Perception in Adolescent Soccer Players Examined with Repeated Measurements During Pre-Season and In-Season Training.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- The relationship between self-oriented perfectionism and athlete burnout: a longitudinal study.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
Objectives: To explore the relationships between age, gender, type of sport, perfectionistic self-presentation and motivation on body satisfaction among young athletes in one aesthetic sport (gymnastics) and one non-aesthetic sport (basketball). The study hypothesise that (1) age, gender and type of sport (aesthetic or non-aesthetic) will predict body satisfaction scores, (2) autonomous motivation will positively be related to body satisfaction and (3) perfectionistic self-presentation will negatively be related to body satisfaction. Design: Cross-sectional. Method: 209 athletes (132 gymnasts and 77 basketball players) aged 10-22 (median=13) years were recruited. After data screening, 200 athletes were included in analyses (females: n=155; males: n=45). Participants completed an online survey, which assessed demographic information, athlete motivation (Behavioural Regulation in Sport Questionnaire), perfectionistic self-presentation (Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale-Junior Form) and body satisfaction (Body Appreciation Scale-2). Results: Hierarchical multiple regression showed age, self-assigned gender, and two facets of perfectionistic self-presentation (ie, perfectionistic presentation and non-disclosure of imperfection) to predict reported levels of body satisfaction significantly. Subsequently, adding motivational variables did not improve the model. A moderation analysis showed that the relationship between non-disclosure of imperfection and body satisfaction was significantly moderated by gender. Conclusions: Two facets of perfectionistic self-presentation were associated with reported body satisfaction. Additionally, the relationship between non-disclosure of imperfection and body satisfaction appears to differ between female and male athletes. Researchers should move beyond sport types and identify factors (eg, perfectionistic self-presentation) at the individual and environmental levels that can protect young athletes' body satisfaction.
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