ArticleCell proliferation2024
Abnormal HCK/glutamine/autophagy axis promotes endometriosis development by impairing macrophage phagocytosis.
Article in Cell proliferation, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Glutamine metabolism in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Lentinan Attenuates Experimental Atherosclerosis by Regulating Macrophage HCK/GUSB Expression and Amino Acid Metabolic Remodeling.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Article
- Metabolic remodeling of endometriosis microenvironment: Energy stress and immune evasion.iScience · 2026Review
- Endometriosis immune microenvironment timing shifts: from immune escape to immune exhaustion.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Associations between aggregate index of systemic inflammation and endometriosis risk utilizing logistic regression analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Immune-epigenetic-metabolic crosstalk: attempting to unravel the multidimensional mechanisms of immune evasion in endometriosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Regulated cell death in endometrial diseases: from molecular mechanisms to targeted therapies.Archives of toxicology · 2026Review
- Dysregulated autophagy in endometriosis: molecular mechanisms, controversies, and clinical implications.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025Review
- Glutamine alleviates immunosuppression in polymicrobial sepsis by augmenting bacterial phagocytosis through sustaining the GFAT-DRP1 dependent mitochondrial calcium dynamics.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2025Article
- Stage-specific autophagy dynamics in reproductive processes and associated disorders.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis of Vaginal Secretion Reveals Potential Pathogenesis of Atrophic Vaginitis.Current pharmaceutical design · 2025Article
- Abnormal HCK/glutamine/autophagy axis promotes endometriosis development by impairing macrophage phagocytosis.Cell proliferation · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The presence of extensive infiltrated macrophages with impaired phagocytosis is widely recognised as a significant regulator for the development of endometriosis (EMs). Nevertheless, the metabolic characteristics and the fundamental mechanism of impaired macrophage phagocytosis are yet to be clarified. Here, we observe that there is the decreased expression of haematopoietic cellular kinase (HCK) in macrophage of peritoneal fluid from EMs patients, which might be attributed to high oestrogen and hypoxia condition. Of note, HCK deficiency resulted in impaired macrophage phagocytosis, and increased number and weight of ectopic lesions in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, this process was mediated via regulation of glutamine metabolism, and further upregulation of macrophage autophagy in a c-FOS/c-JUN dependent manner. Additionally, macrophages of EMs patients displayed insufficient HCK, excessive autophagy and phagocytosis dysfunction. In therapeutic studies, supplementation with glutamine-pre-treated macrophage or Bafilomycin A1 (an autophagy inhibitor)-pre-treated macrophage leads to the induction of macrophage phagocytosis and suppression of EMs development. This observation reveals that the aberrant HCK-glutamine-autophagy axis results in phagocytosis obstacle of macrophage and further increase the development risk of Ems. Additionally, it offers potential therapeutic approaches to prevent EMs, especially patients with insufficient HCK and macrophage phagocytosis dysfunction.
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