Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38956307›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

Risk practices and awareness of leptospirosis amongst residents of Zaria, Nigeria.

Collins Chimezie Udechukwu, Caleb Ayuba Kudi, Paul Ayuba Abdu, Paul Habila Mamman, Nicholas Nathaniel Pilau, Kelvin Olutimilehin Jolayemi, Magdalene Ogbonneya Okoronkwo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. A Retrospective Cohort Study of Leptospirosis in Crete, Greece.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025
    Article
  4. Diversity ofMicroorganisms · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Collins Chimezie UdechukwuDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Caleb Ayuba KudiDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Paul Ayuba AbduDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Paul Habila MammanDepartment of Veterinary Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Nicholas Nathaniel PilauDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria.
Kelvin Olutimilehin JolayemiDepartment of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria. jolayemikelvin@yahoo.com.
Magdalene Ogbonneya OkoronkwoDepartment of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study evaluated the level of risk practices and awareness of leptospirosis among residents of Zaria, Nigeria. A pre-tested questionnaires were administered via face-to-face interview to 100 residents. The data was analyzed using chi-square and multivariate analysis to identify risk factors for leptospirosis. The demography showed that the majority of the respondents were male, aged 21-40 years, and majorly crop farmers. The risk factors identified showed that males were 4.14 times more likely to be affected by leptospirosis (OR 4.14, 95% CI [1.93-5.37], p = 0.02) and the source of animal's water was 5.56 times more likely to be contaminated by Leptospira spp. (OR 4.14, 95% CI [2.88-8.03], p = 0.01) and these relationships were significant. The majority of respondents were not aware of the disease (OR 1.87, 95% CI [1.22-4.57], p = 0.01) with 78% of the respondents not sure of which of the animal species leptospirosis affected (OR 1.67, 95% CI [1.07-2.62], p = 0.02). This study has demonstrated the existence of risk behaviors, and paucity of knowledge about leptospirosis in the study area. It is therefore recommended to organize an enlightenment program and the need for protective clothing for individuals occupationally at risk of infection by Leptospira spp.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeLeptospirosisAdolescentAdultAnimalsFemaleHumansLeptospiraMaleMiddle AgedNigeriaRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultLeptospirosisQuestionnaireRisk factorZaria

Identifiers

PMID38956307
PMCPMC11219920

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.