ArticleScientific reports2024
Impending role of inflammatory markers and their specificity and sensitivity in breast cancer patients.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Exploratory Spatial Lipidomic Profiling Reveals Regional Metabolic Heterogeneity in a Canine Mixed Mammary Carcinoma.Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Prediction of differentiation levels in lung adenocarcinoma using peripheral blood inflammatory cytokines and tumor markers.PloS one · 2026Article
- The double-edged sword of SASP in breast cancer: from tumor suppression to progression and therapy resistance.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Inflammatory Markers Associated With Radiation-Induced Lung Injury, Metastasis and Mortality After Breast Cancer Treatment.Advances in radiation oncology · 2025Article
- Applications of Fibronectin in Biomedicine and Cosmetics: A Review.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Inflammatory Footprint of Anti-Breast Cancer Treatments and Psychosocial Factors in Women Undergoing Chemotherapy.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Antimetastatic effects of chamuangone-enriched extract in breast cancer lung metastasis: in vitro and in vivo evidence.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Article
- Multiomic Analysis Links Neighborhood Disadvantage to Inflammatory Proteins and Tumorigenic Markers in ER+ Breast Cancer Plasma and Tumor Samples.Journal of proteome research · 2025Article
- Oxidative Stress and Age-Related Tumors.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cancer and related disorders are the most common cause of cancer-related mortality with the incidence of 1 in 9 among the pre-menopausal Pakistani females. among the most common ailments worldwide, indicating the importance of developing particular techniques that could help attenuate the effects of breast cancer and related outcomes. The primary aim of the current study was to review the role of inflammatory and stress markers in the development and progression of breast cancer. Four hundred ninety-eight (n = 498) patients with breast cancer and four hundred and ninety-eight (n = 498) age- and sex-matched controls were selected for this case‒control study. Serum samples were obtained, and the levels of stress and inflammatory markers, including Matrix metalloproteases (MMPs), Interleukins (ILs), Heat shock proteins (HSPs), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric Oxide (NO), inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase (iNOS) and Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), were determined. Most (62%) patients had metastatic breast cancer (stage III or IV) with an adverse grade (65% with Grade III and 35% with Grade II). The present study showed that the levels of oxidants such as MDA, ILs, MMPs and HSPs were significantly greater, while the levels of antioxidants such as Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT), vitamin A, C and D were significantly lower in breast cancer patients than in controls, suggesting their diagnostic importance and role in the pathophysiology of breast cancer. Oxidants, including IL-1, HSP27 and MMP9, which are highly specific and sensitive, may be used to develop the pathophysiological pathways of metastatic breast cancer in these patients. These pathways include cell invasion, cell migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Therefore, we concluded that an increase in growth factors, e.g., Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), Tumour Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) and B-cell lymphoma (Bcl2), under the influence of these variables plays a crucial role in the metastasis of breast cancer.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.