Trial reportScientific reports2024
Real-Time multifaceted artificial intelligence vs In-Person instruction in teaching surgical technical skills: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06273579 (Effect of Artificial Intelligence-Augmented Human Instruction on Surgical Simulation Performance), which is not on this map. Cited by 17 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Artificial Intelligence-Augmented Human Instruction on Surgical Simulation Performance: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Artificial intelligence augmented tutoring vs expert instruction on learning simulated general surgical skills: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC medical education · 2026Pooled it
- The Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence in Undergraduate Health Professions Education: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.JMIR medical education · 2026Pooled it
- Comparison of artificial intelligence assisted training and traditional learning paths in clinical simulation skills training: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Review
- The Suture-Action-Gaze Efficiency (SAGE) guidance framework reveals expert gaze-action coupling based on a case study of simple interrupted suturing on an artificial skin pad.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Educational Impact of Artificial Intelligence-Navigation Surgery on Anatomical Landmark Recognition in Medical Students.Annals of gastroenterological surgery · 2026Article
- Artificial Intelligence in Minimally Invasive and Robotic Gastrointestinal Surgery: Major Applications and Recent Advances.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Can artificial intelligence outperform experts in assessing clinical skills? Evidence from a comparative experiment.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Artificial intelligence-based expert trajectory guidance in anFrontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- Ghost in the Machine: Leveraging artificial intelligence in the trauma bay.Trauma surgery & acute care open · 2026Review
- Innovations and trends in hepatobiliary surgery education: Embracing technological advancements for enhanced surgical training.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2025Review
- Artificial intelligence in microsurgery and supermicrosurgery training within plastic surgery: A systematic review.JPRAS open · 2025Review
- Artificial Intelligence and Extended Reality in the Training of Vascular Surgeons: A Narrative Review.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Intelligent Assessment Systems in Medical Education: A Systematic Review.Journal of advances in medical education & professionalism · 2025Review
- Concordance with CONSORT-AI guidelines in reporting of randomised controlled trials investigating artificial intelligence in oncology: a systematic review.BMJ oncology · 2025Article
- Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a Catalyst for Orthopedic Residency Training.The archives of bone and joint surgery · 2025Article
- Assessing Surgical Skill in Orthopaedic Trauma Surgery Training: Behavioral Metrics for Digital Performance Evaluation.JB & JS open accessReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Trainees develop surgical technical skills by learning from experts who provide context for successful task completion, identify potential risks, and guide correct instrument handling. This expert-guided training faces significant limitations in objectively assessing skills in real-time and tracking learning. It is unknown whether AI systems can effectively replicate nuanced real-time feedback, risk identification, and guidance in mastering surgical technical skills that expert instructors offer. This randomized controlled trial compared real-time AI feedback to in-person expert instruction. Ninety-seven medical trainees completed a 90-min simulation training with five practice tumor resections followed by a realistic brain tumor resection. They were randomly assigned into 1-real-time AI feedback, 2-in-person expert instruction, and 3-no real-time feedback. Performance was assessed using a composite-score and Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills rating, rated by blinded experts. Training with real-time AI feedback (n = 33) resulted in significantly better performance outcomes compared to no real-time feedback (n = 32) and in-person instruction (n = 32), .266, [95% CI .107 .425], p < .001; .332, [95% CI .173 .491], p = .005, respectively. Learning from AI resulted in similar OSATS ratings (4.30 vs 4.11, p = 1) compared to in-person training with expert instruction. Intelligent systems may refine the way operating skills are taught, providing tailored, quantifiable feedback and actionable instructions in real-time.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.