ArticleJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2024
Mapping the complexity and diversity of tertiary lymphoid structures in primary and peritoneal metastatic gastric cancer.
Article in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed.
- B cells in cancer: functions, mechanisms and therapeutic advances.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Spatial architecture of tertiary lymphoid structures represents an independent prognostic dimension in hepatocellular carcinoma.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
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- Spatial transcriptomics in cancer research: insights into tumorigenesis, diagnosis and therapeutics.Cell death discovery · 2026Review
- Cancer-associated fibroblasts and tertiary lymphoid structure orchestrate the spatial architecture of tumor immunity.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Review
- T Cell Exhaustion in Cancer Immunotherapy: Heterogeneity, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Review
- Chemokine-chemokine receptor axis: Emerging immunotherapeutic paradigms for solid tumor microenvironment reprogramming.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- FOXP3Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Review
- Density of tertiary lymphoid structures predict clinical outcome in hepatoblastoma.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Microbiome Signatures in Advanced Gastric Cancer: Emerging Biomarkers for Risk Stratification, Therapy Guidance, and Prognostic Insight.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Single-cell spatial analysis identifies ID1-high endothelial cells in tertiary lymphoid structures as predictors of durable response to immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.Cancer cell international · 2026Article
- Electrospun nanofibers for gastric cancer: local therapeutics, biomimetic models, and diagnostic interfaces.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- POSTNFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Spatial immune niches in gastric cancer immunotherapy resistance: mechanisms and translational implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Single-cell and spatial landscape reveals impaired tertiary lymphoid structure maturation inFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Metabolite-driven dysfunction of intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures: single-cell and spatial omics perspectives on cancer immune escape.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- TDO2-Associated Tryptophan Metabolism Correlates with Impaired Tertiary Lymphoid Structure Maturation and Reduced B Cell Class Switching in Breast Cancer.Oncology research · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are thought to stimulate antitumor immunity and positively impact prognosis and response to immune checkpoint blockade. In gastric cancers (GCs), however, TLSs are predominantly found in GC with poor prognosis and limited treatment response. We, therefore, hypothesize that immune cell composition and function of TLS depends on tumor location and the tumor immune environment.
methodsSpatial transcriptomics and immunohistochemistry were used to characterize the phenotype of CD45
resultsWe identified significant intrapatient and interpatient diversity of the cellular composition and maturation status of TLS in GC. Tumor location (primary vs metastatic site) accounted for the majority of differences in TLS maturity, as TLS in peritoneal metastases were predominantly immature. This was associated with higher levels of tumor-infiltrating macrophages and Tregs and less plasma cells compared with tumors with mature TLS. Furthermore, mature TLSs were characterized by overexpression of antitumor immune pathways such as B cell-related pathways, MHC class II antigen presentation while immature TLS were associated with protumor pathways, including T cell exhaustion and enhancement of DNA repair pathways in the corresponding cancer.
conclusionThe observation that GC-derived peritoneal metastases often contain immature TLS which are associated with immune suppressive regulatory tumor-infiltrating leucocytes, is in keeping with the lack of response to immune checkpoint blockade and the poor prognostic features of peritoneal metastatic GC, which needs to be taken into account when optimizing immunomodulatory strategies for metastatic GC.
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