ArticleGastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association2024
Global prevalence of claudin 18 isoform 2 in tumors of patients with locally advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.
Article in Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 66 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 3, Global, Multi-Center, Double-Blind, Randomized, Efficacy Study of Zolbetuximab (IMAB362) Plus mFOLFOX6 Compared With Placebo Plus mFOLFOX6 as First-line Treatment of Subjects With Claudin (CLDN)18.2-Positive, HER2-Negative, Locally Advanced Unresectable or Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Adenocarcinoma
A Phase 2 Study of Zolbetuximab (IMAB362) as Monotherapy and in Combination With Chemotherapy and/or Immunotherapy in Subjects With Metastatic or Locally Advanced Unresectable Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Adenocarcinoma and Locoregional Gastric or GEJ Adenocarcinoma Whose Are Claudin (CLDN) 18.2 Positive
A Phase 1 Open-label Study of IMAB362 in Japanese Subjects With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Gastric or Gastro-esophageal Junction (GEJ) Adenocarcinoma
A Phase 3, Global, Multi-Center, Double-Blind, Randomized, Efficacy Study of Zolbetuximab (IMAB362) Plus CAPOX Compared With Placebo Plus CAPOX as First-line Treatment of Subjects With Claudin (CLDN) 18.2-Positive, HER2-Negative, Locally Advanced Unresectable or Metastatic Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction (GEJ) Adenocarcinoma
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prevalence of Claudin 18.2 Expression in Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Zolbetuximab plus chemotherapy in Japanese patients with claudin 18.2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a combined subgroup analysis of the phase 3 SPOTLIGHT and GLOW trials.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2026Trial
- First-line zolbetuximab plus mFOLFOX6 and nivolumab in unresectable CLDN18.2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: a phase 2 trial.Nature medicine · 2026Trial
- A multicenter Phase II study of mFOLFOX6 plus nivolumab for gastric cancer with severe peritoneal metastases: WJOG16322G.Future oncology (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Prevalence of FGFR2b Protein Overexpression in Advanced Gastric Cancers During Prescreening for the Phase III FORTITUDE-101 Trial.JCO precision oncology · 2025Trial
- Randomized phase II trial of zolbetuximab as second-line treatment in patients with claudin 18.2-positive advanced gastric/GEJ cancer with previous zolbetuximab exposure: ZELDA.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- Intra- and intertumoral discordance of Claudin-18.2: a systematic review and meta-analysis.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Review
- Claudin 18 Immunohistochemistry Expression in Salivary Gland Neoplasms: Limited Potential as a Therapeutic Biomarker.Head and neck pathology · 2026Article
- Article
- Current and Emerging Targeted Therapy in Advanced Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Unveiling the molecular profile of adenosquamous gallbladder carcinoma: characterization of a Caucasian cohort.Histopathology · 2026Article
- Clinical implications of zolbetuximab-associated hypoalbuminemia in CLDN18.2-positive gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Article
- Claudin-18.2 in Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma: From Biology to Therapeutic Targeting: A Narrative Review.Targeted oncology · 2026Review
- Claudin 18.2 Targeting: A Pan-Cancer Perspective.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Review
- Claudin 18.2 expression-concordance between primary and metastatic lesions in gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.ESMO gastrointestinal oncology · 2026Review
- Review
- Claudin 18.2 Expression and Outcomes of First-Line Chemoimmunotherapy in HER2-Negative Gastric or Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Immune, molecular and genetic profiles of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma: Recent progress and future challenges.International journal of cancer · 2026Review
- Diagnostic discordance and treatment-associated change of PD-L1 and CLDN18.2 in gastric cancer: a real-world analysis of paired biopsy-resection samples.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2026Article
- Claudin18.2 and the PD-1/PD-L1 axis in gastric cancer: mechanistic insights and implications for combination immunotherapy.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLimited data exist for global prevalence of claudin 18 isoform 2 (CLDN18.2) positivity and association of CLDN18.2 status with clinical and tumor characteristics in patients with locally advanced (LA) unresectable or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (mG/GEJ) adenocarcinoma. We report prevalence of CLDN18.2 positivity (phase 3; SPOTLIGHT, NCT03504397; GLOW, NCT03653507) and concordance of CLDN18.2 status between a subset of pair-matched tumor samples (phase 2, ILUSTRO, NCT03505320; phase 1, NCT03528629) from clinical studies of zolbetuximab.
methodsTumor samples from patients with LA unresectable or mG/GEJ adenocarcinoma were tested for CLDN18.2 status by immunohistochemistry. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression was tested per central or local assessment.
resultsAcross SPOTLIGHT and GLOW, the prevalence of CLDN18.2 positivity (≥ 75% of tumor cells demonstrating moderate-to-strong membranous CLDN18 staining) was 38.4%. Prevalence was similar in gastric versus GEJ adenocarcinoma samples and regardless of collection method (biopsy versus resection) or collection site (primary versus metastatic). CLDN18.2 positivity was most prevalent in patients with diffuse-type tumors. In ILUSTRO and the phase 1 study, concordance of CLDN18.2 positivity was 61.1% between archival (i.e., any time before treatment) and baseline (i.e., ≤ 3 months before first treatment) samples, and concordance of any CLDN18 staining (≥ 1% of tumor cells demonstrating moderate-to-strong membranous CLDN18 staining) was 88.9%.
conclusionsCLDN18.2 was a highly prevalent biomarker in patients with HER2-negative, LA unresectable or mG/GEJ adenocarcinoma. CLDN18.2 positivity remained relatively stable over time in many patients. Biomarker testing for CLDN18.2 should be considered in standard clinical practice in these patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.