ArticleJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology2025
Inequalities in Access to Diabetes Technologies in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: A Multicenter, Cross-sectional Study from Türkiye
Article in Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Impact of national continuous glucose monitoring reimbursement on utilization and glycemic outcomes in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.Acta diabetologica · 2026Observational
- Family Impact, Caregiver Burden, Parental Monitoring, and Glycemic Control in Children with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploring inequities in access to diabetes technologies among children and young people with type 1 diabetes: Perspectives of parents and young people from ethnic minority groups and low socio-economic areas.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To determine inequalities in access to diabetes technologies and the effect of socioeconomic factors on families with children with type 1 diabetes. Methods: In this multicenter, cross-sectional study, parents of children with type 1 diabetes completed a questionnaire about household sociodemographic characteristics, latest hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and insulin pump use of children, the education and working status of parents. These characteristics were compared between technology use (only-CGM, only-pump, CGM+pump, no technology use). Results: Among 882 families, only-CGM users, only-pump users, and CGM+pump users were compared with no technology users, adjusting for age, sex, region, education levels, number of working parents, and household income. Children living in the least developed region had lower odds of having only-CGM [odds ratio (OR)=0.20, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.12-0.34, p<0.001] and having CGM+pump (OR=0.07, 95% CI: 0.03-0.22, p<0.001) compared with those living in the most developed region. Children with parents who had not finished high school had lower odds of having only-CGM (mothers: OR=0.36, 95% CI: 0.19-0.66, p=0.001; fathers: OR=0.32, 95% CI: 0.18-0.60, p<0.001) or both CGM+pump (mothers: OR=0.27, 95% CI: 0.11-0.64, p=0.003; fathers: OR=0.34, 95% CI: 0.15-0.79, p=0.012) rather than no-technology compared to children whose parents have a university degree. Every $840 increase in the household income increased the odds by 5% for having only-CGM (OR=1.05, 95% CI: 1.02-1.09, p<0.001) or CGM+pump (OR=1.05, 95% CI: 1.01-1.08, p<0.001). Conclusion: Socioeconomic factors, such as parental education, region of residence, and income were associated with inequality in access to technologies. The inequalities are more prominent in access to CGM.
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