ArticleVeterinary medicine and science2024
Pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and plasma protein binding of tolfenamic acid in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
Article in Veterinary medicine and science, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Review of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs for Food-Producing Animals With a Focus on Potential Applications for Farmed Finfish.Journal of fish diseases · 2026Review
- Pharmacokinetics of Flunixin and Tolfenamic Acid in Experimental Endotoxemic Awassi Sheep.Veterinary medicine and science · 2026Article
- Plasma and Muscle Pharmacokinetics of Ceftriaxone in Nile Tilapia (Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of cefuroxime in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Pharmacokinetics of Tolfenamic Acid Administered Orally and Intravenously at Different Doses in Pekin Ducks (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Tolfenamic Acid in Freshwater Crocodiles (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and plasma protein binding of tolfenamic acid in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).Veterinary medicine and science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAlthough research on the mechanism and control of pain and inflammation in fish has increased in recent years, the use of analgesic drugs is limited due to the lack of pharmacological information about analgesic drugs. Tolfenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and can be used in fish due to its low side effect profile and superior pharmacokinetic properties.
objectivesThe pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and plasma protein binding of tolfenamic acid were investigated following single intravascular (IV), intramuscular (IM) and oral administration of 2 mg/kg in rainbow trout at 13 ± 0.5°C.
methodsThe experiment was carried out on a total of 234 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Tolfenamic acid was administered to fish via IV, IM and oral route at a dose of 2 mg/kg. Blood samples were taken at 13 different sampling times until the 72 h after drug administration. The plasma concentrations of tolfenamic acid were quantified using high pressure liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (UV) and pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed using non-compartmental analysis.
resultsThe elimination half-life (t
conclusionsWhile IM route, which exhibits both the high plasma concentration and bioavailability, can be used in rainbow trout, oral route is not recommended due to low plasma concentration and bioavailability. However, there is a need to demonstrate the pharmacodynamic activity of tolfenamic acid in rainbow trout.
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Registered trials
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