GuidelineClinical pharmacology and therapeutics2024
Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium Guideline (CPIC) for CYP2D6, ADRB1, ADRB2, ADRA2C, GRK4, and GRK5 Genotypes and Beta-Blocker Therapy.
Guideline in Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed.
- Preliminary Application of Antihypertensive Gene Detection in the Treatment of Hypertension.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Trial
- Pharmacogenomics-guided personalized therapy for hypertension: a multicenter randomized trial.Journal of hypertension · 2026Trial
- CardioPharmaGENET (CA24165): A COST action network for advancing cardiovascular pharmacogenomics and precision medicine.Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology plus · 2026Article
- A Pilot Randomized Study of NAT2 and YEATS4 Pharmacogenetic Return of Results in Adults with Hypertension and African Ancestry: The GUARDD-US PGx Study.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- CYP2D6 as an Emerging Endogenous Oxidative Stress Modulator in Cardiovascular Disease: Genetic, Pharmacological, and Redox Perspectives.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Cytochrome P450 2D6 Metabolizer Phenotype Is Associated With Metoprolol Pharmacodynamics But Not With Metoprolol Discontinuation: A Retrospective Cohort Study in the All of Us Research Program.Journal of clinical medicine research · 2026Article
- CYP2D6 Metabolizer Status and Mortality in Metoprolol Users.Clinical and translational science · 2026Article
- Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Quantification of Diet-Derived CYP2D6 Biomarkers for Clinical Phenotyping in Japanese Subjects.Clinical and translational science · 2026Article
- Prognostic relevance of β1-adrenergic receptor polymorphisms on cardiovascular outcome in patients treated with metoprolol after acute myocardial infarction - an observational study.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Observational
- Article
- The evolving landscape of pharmacogenomics: Current achievements and future directions.Pharmacological reviews · 2026Review
- Impact of CYP2D6 Genotype and Inhibitor Use on Risperidone Metabolism in Children: Functional Insights Into the *17 and *29 Alleles.Clinical and translational science · 2026Article
- Influence ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Pharmacokinetic recall study of Estonian Biobank participants with novel genetic variants in CYP2C19 and CYP2D6.NPJ genomic medicine · 2026Article
- Very strong correlations of metoprolol- and solanidine-derived metabolic ratios in a real-world cohort with a stable metoprolol drug regimen.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Association of a CCB-Related Pharmacogenomics-Guided Strategy with Blood Pressure Outcomes and Short-Term Safety in Chinese Patients with Hypertension: A Secondary Exploratory Analysis of Two Randomized Cohorts.Drug, healthcare and patient safety · 2026Article
- Pharmacological Microglial Inhibition Remodels the Scar Microenvironment to Support Reticulospinal Circuit Reconstruction After Spinal Cord Injury.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- A call to action for pharmacogenomics stewardship in South Africa.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Pharmacogenetics in pediatric cardiology.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Clinical Application of Pharmacogenomics in Stroke Management: Current Evidence and Future Directions.Journal of stroke · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Beta-blockers are widely used medications for a variety of indications, including heart failure, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, and hypertension. Genetic variability in pharmacokinetic (e.g., CYP2D6) and pharmacodynamic (e.g., ADRB1, ADRB2, ADRA2C, GRK4, GRK5) genes have been studied in relation to beta-blocker exposure and response. We searched and summarized the strength of the evidence linking beta-blocker exposure and response with the six genes listed above. The level of evidence was high for associations between CYP2D6 genetic variation and both metoprolol exposure and heart rate response. Evidence indicates that CYP2D6 poor metabolizers experience clinically significant greater exposure and lower heart rate in response to metoprolol compared with those who are not poor metabolizers. Therefore, we provide therapeutic recommendations regarding genetically predicted CYP2D6 metabolizer status and metoprolol therapy. However, there was insufficient evidence to make therapeutic recommendations for CYP2D6 and other beta-blockers or for any beta-blocker and the other five genes evaluated (updates at www.cpicpgx.org).
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