ArticleScientific reports2024
Prognostic relevance of high expression of kynurenine pathway markers in glioblastoma.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Differentiation therapy targeting indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 in glioblastoma cellsMolecular and clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Microbiota-Neuroinflammation Crosstalk in Primary Brain Tumors: Focus on Glioblastoma.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- Intratumoral serotonin and antidepressants in glioblastoma patients: narrowing the uncertainties.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- The Tryptophan Paradox: From Microbiome-Mediated Homeostasis to Tumor-Driven Immune Escape.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Precision Immunotherapeutics for Glioblastoma: Current Approaches and Emerging Strategies in 2026.Cells · 2026Review
- Nexus of IDO1/Kynurenine Pathway to T-Cell Exhaustion: Hypoxia-Induced Tryptophan Metabolism in Glioblastoma.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Preliminary Results on the Added Value of Parametric Images Derived fromMolecular imaging and biology · 2026Article
- TDO2-Associated Tryptophan Metabolism Correlates with Impaired Tertiary Lymphoid Structure Maturation and Reduced B Cell Class Switching in Breast Cancer.Oncology research · 2026Article
- Interferon-gamma signaling pathway: Modulation of key genes in the progression of glioblastoma.World journal of biological chemistry · 2025Review
- New experimental therapies for glioblastoma: a review of preclinical research.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Review
- IDO2-AhR axis as central regulator of the kynurenine pathway in glioblastoma.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Metabolomic profiling of plasma from glioma and meningioma patients based on two complementary mass spectrometry techniques.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2025Article
- Targeting glioma-associated microglia and macrophages: a new frontier in glioblastoma immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Oncolytic virus therapy in the elderly: immune frailty, challenges, and perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Endoplasmic reticulum stress orchestrates tumor metabolism and immunity: new insights into immunometabolic therapeutics.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Preoperative Peripheral Blood Serotonin and Kynurenine Levels Are Associated With Oncological Outcomes in Glioblastoma IDH-wt Patients.International journal of tryptophan research : IJTR · 2025Article
- Review
- AT-0174, a novel dual IDO1/TDO2 enzyme inhibitor, synergises with temozolomide to improve survival in an orthotopic mouse model of glioblastoma.BMC cancer · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) continues to exhibit a discouraging survival rate despite extensive research into new treatments. One factor contributing to its poor prognosis is the tumor's immunosuppressive microenvironment, in which the kynurenine pathway (KP) plays a significant role. This study aimed to explore how KP impacts the survival of newly diagnosed GBM patients. We examined tissue samples from 108 GBM patients to assess the expression levels of key KP markers-tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1/2), and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Using immunohistochemistry and QuPath software, three tumor cores were analyzed per patient to evaluate KP marker expression. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and stepwise multivariate Cox regression were used to determine the effect of these markers on patient survival. Results showed that patients with high expression of TDO2, IDO1/2, and AhR had significantly shorter survival times. This finding held true even when controlling for other known prognostic variables, with a hazard ratio of 3.393 for IDO1, 2.775 for IDO2, 1.891 for TDO2, and 1.902 for AhR. We suggest that KP markers could serve as useful tools for patient stratification, potentially guiding future immunomodulating trials and personalized treatment approaches for GBM patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.