Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38949692›Full record

ArticleJournal of neuro-oncology2024

Global post‑marketing safety surveillance of Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) therapy in over 25,000 patients with CNS malignancies treated between 2011-2022.

Maciej M Mrugala, Wenyin Shi, Fabio Iwomoto, Rimas V Lukas, Joshua D Palmer, John H Suh, Martin Glas

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Cancer: A bioelectric disease?Clinical and translational medicine · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Tumor treating fields alter local coagulation dynamics in glioblastoma patients.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Maciej M MrugalaMayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix/Scottsdale, Arizona, USA. Mrugala.Maciej@mayo.edu.
Wenyin ShiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Fabio IwomotoDivision of Neuro-Oncology, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Rimas V LukasDepartment of Neurology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Joshua D PalmerThe Department of Radiation Oncology, The James Cancer Hospital, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
John H SuhDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Martin GlasDivision of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, West German Cancer Center (WTZ) and German Cancer Consortium, Partner Site, Essen, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are alternating electric fields that disrupt cancer cell processes. TTFields therapy is approved for recurrent glioblastoma (rGBM), and newly-diagnosed (nd) GBM (with concomitant temozolomide for ndGBM; US), and for grade IV glioma (EU). We present an updated global, post-marketing surveillance safety analysis of patients with CNS malignancies treated with TTFields therapy.

methodsSafety data were collected from routine post-marketing activities for patients in North America, Europe, Israel, and Japan (October 2011-October 2022). Adverse events (AEs) were stratified by age, sex, and diagnosis.

resultsOverall, 25,898 patients were included (diagnoses: ndGBM [68%], rGBM [26%], anaplastic astrocytoma/oligodendroglioma [4%], other CNS malignancies [2%]). Median (range) age was 59 (3-103) years; 66% patients were male. Most (69%) patients were 18-65 years; 0.4% were < 18 years; 30% were > 65 years. All-cause and TTFields-related AEs occurred in 18,798 (73%) and 14,599 (56%) patients, respectively. Most common treatment-related AEs were beneath-array skin reactions (43%), electric sensation (tingling; 14%), and heat sensation (warmth; 12%). Treatment-related skin reactions were comparable in pediatric (39%), adult (42%), and elderly (45%) groups, and in males (41%) and females (46%); and similar across diagnostic subgroups (ndGBM, 46%; rGBM, 34%; anaplastic astrocytoma/oligodendroglioma, 42%; other, 40%). No TTFields-related systemic AEs were reported.

conclusionsThis long-term, real-world analysis of > 25,000 patients demonstrated good tolerability of TTFields in patients with CNS malignancies. Most therapy-related AEs were manageable localized, non-serious skin events. The TTFields therapy safety profile remained consistent across subgroups (age, sex, and diagnosis), indicative of its broad applicability.

Indexed as

Electric Stimulation TherapyProduct Surveillance, PostmarketingAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCentral Nervous System NeoplasmsChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansJapanMaleMiddle AgedYoung AdultBrain tumorGlioblastomaHigh grade gliomasSafetyTTFieldsTumor Treating Fields

Identifiers

PMID38949692
PMCPMC11269345

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.