Parent reported outcomes for idiopathic clubfoot children treated with the Ponseti technique: An analysis of 140 feet followed minimum 5 years.

Objective: The treated clubfoot children are often evaluated clinically during follow-up. However, patient reported outcomes (PROM) are seldom analysed for these children. We investigated 87 idiopathic clubfoot children (140 feet) treated by the Ponseti method and followed minimum 5 years to study their clinical outcomes and PROM. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional study, based on evaluating treated clubfoot children clinically (Pirani score) and PROM (Oxford Ankle and Foot Questionnaire - Parent Version) and comparing them with the age-matched healthy controls (n = 60). The questionnaire has four main domains related to the child's physical, school and play, emotional and footwear profile. The children having persistent deformity (residual/relapse) were specifically studied for their PROM scores. Results: The mean child age at initial treatment was 2.3 months and the mean follow-up duration was 6.9 years. The PROM score of clubfoot children was statistically lower than the healthy controls (p < 0.001). Of the individual domains, the physical domain was the most affected. On calculating the Pirani scores, 10 out of 140 feet (7 %) had some form of persistent deformity. The children with persistent deformity had lower Oxford scores than healthy children or those with corrected feet. The physical domain followed by the emotional domain scored low when persistent deformity was present. Conclusions: Most children (98 %) had a plantigrade foot following Ponseti treatment at follow-up. However, PROM score of the clubfoot children did not correspond to the clinical outcome. Persistent deformity, even minor, was a cause of parental concern and resulted in a low PROM score.