ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2024
Effect of early menopause on cognition and brain morphology in an Urban Indian Cohort.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Premature and early menopause and neuroimaging biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases: a systematic review.Frontiers in dementia · 2026Pooled it
- Premenopausal bilateral oophorectomy leads to steeper declines in gray matter volume and alterations in perfusion and brain bioenergetics.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Chronological age is differentially associated with cognitive performance according to climacteric stage: evidence from a Bayesian multivariate analysis in Chilean women.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Age at menopause and cognitive function and decline among middle-aged and older women in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, 2011-2018.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Effect of early menopause on cognition and brain morphology in an Urban Indian Cohort.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEvidence for the effect of early menopause on cognition among older women is not consistent and is scant among the Indian population.
methodsWe aimed to examine the effect of early menopause (≤45 years) on cognitive performance and brain morphology among older dementia-free females of the TLSA cohort using a multiple linear regression analysis.
resultsIn a sample of 528 women, 144 (27%) had early menopause. The linear regression analysis showed that women with early menopause performed poorly in cognition and had lesser total gray matter volume [β = -11973.94, p = 0.033], left middle frontal [β = -353.14, p = 0.033], and left superior frontal [β = -460.97, p < 0.026] volume.
conclusionDementia-free women with early menopause had poorer cognition, lower total gray matter, and frontal lobe. More research is needed to explore the link between earlier menopause and cognitive decline and develop ways to address it. HIGHLIGHTS: Evidence on the effect of early menopause on brain morphology is inconsistent and scant in low and middle-income countries, such as India. In a cohort of dementia-free individuals in urban Bangalore, we observed that participants with early menopause had significantly lower cognitive performance and lower total gray matter and frontal lobe volume. We recommend increasing awareness of this fact among the medical community and the general public. There is an urgent need to explore the underlying biological mechanism and to discover effective interventions to mitigate the effect.
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