Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38946542›Full record

ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2025

Use of disposable e-cigarettes among youth who vape in Canada, England and the United States: Repeat cross-sectional surveys, 2017-2023.

David Hammond, Jessica L Reid, Robin Burkhalter, Katherine East

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Abuse Liability of Electronic Cigarettes in Never-Smoking Electronic Cigarette Users.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025
    Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Secondhand vape exposure regulation of CFTR and immune function in cystic fibrosis.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

David HammondSchool of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-8197-6010
Jessica L ReidSchool of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9909-6265
Robin BurkhalterSchool of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Katherine EastSchool of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9083-2131

Funding

Two-Spirit Films in Indigenous Cancer HealthP30CA016056 · NCI · ROSWELL PARK CANCER INSTITUTE CORP · PI CANDACE S JOHNSON · 1985 to 2026
$116.6M
Vaporized Nicotine Product Initiation Among Youth in the US, Canada, and England: Methods to Predict Uptake and Policy EfficacyP01CA200512 · NCI · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI FONG, GEOFFREY T · 2016 to 2025
$25.3M
BC Ministry of Health/Canadian Cancer SocietyHealth Canada's Substance Use and Addictions Program (SUAP)National Cancer Institute (NCI) P30CA016056NCI NIH HHS P01 CA200512NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016056Roswell Park Alliance FoundationRoswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterUnited Kingdom Society for the Study of AddictionUnited States (US) National Institutes of Health P01CA200512
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo measure changes over time (between 2017 and 2023) in disposable e-cigarette use and popular brands among youth in Canada, England and the United States (US) who vaped.

designNine waves of repeat cross-sectional data from the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation Project (ITC) Youth Tobacco and Vaping Survey.

settingOnline surveys conducted in Canada, England and the US between 2017 and 2023.

participantsYouth aged 16 to 19 years who had vaped in the past 30 days (n = 19 710). MEASUREMENTS: Usual type (disposable, cartridge/pod, tank) and brand of e-cigarette used; covariates sex at birth, age, race/ethnicity, cigarette smoking status, vaping on ≥20 of the past 30 days.

findingsIn 2017, the majority of youth who vaped in the past 30 days reported using refillable tank e-cigarettes, whereas disposable e-cigarettes were the least commonly used product type in Canada (10.0%), England (8.6%) and the US (14.4%). Cartridge/pods overtook tank devices in Canada and the US by 2020; however, by 2023, disposables were the leading type of e-cigarette used by youth who vaped in all three countries (Canada = 58.5%; England = 83.2%; US = 67.3%). The shift to disposables occurred among all socio-demographic groups, with few differences by vaping and smoking status. The percentage of youth who vaped that reported 'no usual' brand also decreased substantially from 2017 (29% to 42%) to 2023 (11% to 17%). The rise of disposable e-cigarettes appeared to be driven primarily by individual brands in the US (Puff Bar in 2020/2021, Elf Bar in 2022/2023) and England (Elf Bar in 2022/2023).

conclusionsThe e-cigarette market has evolved rapidly with notable shifts in the types of e-cigarettes used by youth who vape in Canada, England and the United States. Although the timing differed across countries, major shifts in device types appear to be driven by individual brands and were often accompanied by increases in vaping prevalence among youth.

Indexed as

Electronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsVapingAdolescentCanadaCross-Sectional StudiesEnglandFemaleHumansMaleSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited StatesYoung Adultadolescente‐cigaretteelectronic nicotine delivery systemssurveyvapingyouth

Identifiers

PMID38946542
PMCPMC11688518

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.