Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38944662›Full record

ArticleJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association2024

Who's in the NICU? A population-level analysis.

Carolyn S Hughes, Susan Schmitt, Molly Passarella, Scott A Lorch, Ciaran S Phibbs

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Observational
  3. Sweeter recovery, less intravenous fluids: a NICU quality improvement initiative for managing neonatal hypoglycemia.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026
    Article
  4. Birth certificate data substantially misrepresent actual NICU admissions, including among most vulnerable.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026
    Article
  5. Bridging the Gap: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of a New Rural Maternity Care Center Amid Nationwide Closures.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. The association of NICU capacity strain with neonatal mortality and morbidity.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Carolyn S HughesDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8216-7634
Susan SchmittHealth Economics Resource Center and Center for Implementation to Innovation, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA.
Molly PassarellaDivision of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Scott A LorchDivision of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Ciaran S PhibbsHealth Economics Resource Center and Center for Implementation to Innovation, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Menlo Park, CA, USA. cphibbs@stanford.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-4353-3507

Funding

Obstetric delivery volume, regionalization, and maternal and infant outcomesR01HD099197 · NICHD · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI PHIBBS, CIARAN S. · 2020 to 2023
$2.7M
Effect of Changing NICU Patient Volumes and Levels of Care on Neonatal OutcomesR01HD084819 · NICHD · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI LORCH, SCOTT A, PHIBBS, CIARAN S. · 2016 to 2018
$1.1M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD084819NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD099197U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) R01 HD08481901
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo understand the characteristics of infants admitted to US NICUs. STUDY

design2006-2014 linked birth certificate and hospital discharge data for potentially viable deliveries in Pennsylvania and South Carolina were used. NICU admissions were identified using revenue codes. NICU-admitted infants were categorized by gestational age (GA), birthweight, and condition severity (for GA 35+ weeks). We also assessed total patient days and trends over time.

results12% of infants were admitted to a NICU; 13.6% were GA < 32 weeks (45.3% of total days); 36.1% were GA 32-36 weeks (31.2% of total days); and 50.4% were GA 37+ weeks (23.5% of total days). 20% of admissions were for infants with GA 35+ weeks and mild conditions. Admissions increased numerically from 11.2% (2006) to 13.0% (2014), with increases among infants 35+ weeks.

conclusionMost NICU admissions are for infants 35+ weeks GA, many with mild conditions who may be accommodated in well-baby units.

Indexed as

Birth WeightGestational AgeIntensive Care Units, NeonatalFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornInfant, PrematureLength of StayMalePennsylvaniaSouth Carolina

Identifiers

PMID38944662
PMCPMC13041700

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.