ArticleAlzheimer's research & therapy2024
Comparison of plasma soluble and extracellular vesicles-associated biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease patients and cognitively normal individuals.
Article in Alzheimer's research & therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Microglia-derived extracellular vesicle content as a biomarker for early detection of Alzheimer's disease.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Peripheral and Central miRNA Signatures in Alzheimer's Disease: Tissue-Specific Variability, Sex-Associated Differences, and Implications for Blood-Based Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Glycolysis: The Bridge Between Cellular Interaction and Alzheimer's Disease.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Surface Marker Profiling Reveals Immune Cell-Associated Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Alterations in Long COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Tau pathological activity in plasma before the onset of symptomatic Alzheimer's disease.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicles in Tauopathies: Mechanisms and Applications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Pre-analytical characterization of CNS-derived extracellular vesicles from human saliva: effect of room temperature and cellular origin.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Current Understanding of Protein Aggregation in Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Neuron-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Emerging Biomarkers and Functional Mediators in Alzheimer's Disease, With Comparative Insights Into Neurodevelopment and Aging.Developmental neurobiology · 2025Review
- Cargo of small extracellular vesicles from neuronal origin shows progression of dementia in individuals with Down syndrome.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Stem-cell-derived extracellular vesicles in neurodegeneration and neuroaging: therapeutic potential and challenges.Extracellular vesicles and circulating nucleic acids · 2025Review
- A potential multimodal biomarker - cognitive signature associated with the conversion from subjective cognitive decline to mild cognitive impairment.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.)Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAmyloid-β (Aβ) and tau are brain hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), also present in blood as soluble biomarkers or encapsulated in extracellular vesicles (EVs). Our goal was to assess how soluble plasma biomarkers of AD pathology correlate with the number and content of EVs.
methodsSingle-molecule enzyme-linked assays were used to quantify Aβ42/40 and tau in plasma samples and neurally-derived EVs (NDEVs) from a cohort of APOE ε4- (n = 168) and APOE ε4+ (n = 68) cognitively normal individuals and AD patients (n = 55). The ratio of CD56 (Neuronal cell-adhesion molecule) to CD81 signal measured by ELISA-DELFIA was used for the relative quantification of NDEVs in plasma samples.
resultsThe soluble plasma Aβ42/40 ratio is decreased in AD patients compared to cognitively normal individuals. The amount and content (Aβ40, Aβ42, tau) of plasma NDEVs were similar between groups. Plasma NDEVs quantity remain consistent with aging and between AD and CN individuals. However, the quantity of soluble biomarkers was negatively correlated to NDEVs number in cognitively normal individuals, while in AD patients, this correlation is lost, suggesting a shift in the mechanism underpinning the production and the release of these biomarkers in pathological conditions.
conclusionSoluble plasma Aβ42/40 ratio is the most robust biomarker to discriminate between AD patients and CN individuals, as it normalizes for the number of NDEVs. Analysis of NDEVs and their content pointed toward peculiar mechanisms of Aβ release in AD. Further research on independent cohorts can confirm our findings and assess whether plasma Aβ and tau need correction by NDEVs for better AD risk identification in CN populations.
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