SynthesisCritical care (London, England)2024
Gut colonization with multidrug resistant organisms in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Critical care (London, England), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Gut Microbiota Alterations Associated With Colonization by Multidrug-Resistant Organisms in ICU Patients: First Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Pooled it
- Gut Colonization With Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus Shapes the Gut Microbiome in the Intensive Care Unit.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Risk factors associated with the development of multidrug-resistant bloodstream infection in patients with colonization: a case-control retrospective study.IJID regions · 2026Article
- Beyond Colonization: Dynamic Risk Stratification and Clinical Decision-Making for MDR Gram-Negative Infections in Critically Ill Patients.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Surveillance of bacterial colonization and infection in high-risk neonates admitted to tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- A review on antibiotic and non-antibiotic decolonization strategies of multidrug-resistant bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract.Infection · 2026Review
- Gut colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms in hospitalized patients with gastrointestinal illness: A single-centre, cross-sectional study.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Gram-negative gut colonization in children newly diagnosed with malignancy: microbiology, antimicrobial resistance pattern, and clinical implications.Gut pathogens · 2026Article
- The role of preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis in the relationship between intestinal colonization and post-ERCP biliary tract infection: a prospective cohort study.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2026Article
- The Role of Routine Surveillance Cultures in Optimising Sepsis Management in High-Risk Patient Groups.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Association between MDROs colonization and subsequent infections in ICU patients: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Early trajectories of antibiotic exposure and colonization pressure and risk of ICU-acquired carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria: A prospective cohort study.Annals of intensive care · 2026Article
- Active surveillance of multidrug-resistant organism colonization in a tertiary hospital in Northern Greece.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections and bacteremia in medical and surgical critical care patients colonized by multidrug-resistant bacteria.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Bacteria Involved in Colonization and/or Infection of Patients in Intensive Care Units in Northeastern Romania.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Length and Type of Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Infection Prevention in Adults Patient in the Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit: A Narrative Review.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis and systemic immune dysfunction in critical ill patients with multidrug-resistant bacterial colonization and infection.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Culture Positivity and Antibiotic Resistance in Respiratory Intensive Care Patients: Evaluation of Readmission and Clinical Outcomes.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Commensal resilience: ancient ecological lessons for the modern microbiota.Infection and immunity · 2025Review
- Role of Preoperative Multiple-Drug-Resistant Bacteria Intestinal Colonization in Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGut colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) frequently precedes infection among patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), although the dynamics of colonization are not completely understood. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of ICU studies which described the cumulative incidence and rates of MDRO gut acquisition.
methodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for studies published from 2010 to 2023 reporting on gut acquisition of MDRO in the ICU. MDRO were defined as multidrug resistant non-Pseudomonas Gram-negative bacteria (NP-GN), Pseudomonas spp., and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). We included observational studies which obtained perianal or rectal swabs at ICU admission (within 48 h) and at one or more subsequent timepoints. Our primary outcome was the incidence rate of gut acquisition of MDRO, defined as any MDRO newly detected after ICU admission (i.e., not present at baseline) for all patient-time at risk. The study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42023481569.
resultsOf 482 studies initially identified, 14 studies with 37,305 patients met criteria for inclusion. The pooled incidence of gut acquisition of MDRO during ICU hospitalization was 5% (range: 1-43%) with a pooled incidence rate of 12.2 (95% CI 8.1-18.6) per 1000 patient-days. Median time to acquisition ranged from 4 to 26 days after ICU admission. Results were similar for NP-GN and Pseudomonas spp., with insufficient data to assess VRE. Among six studies which provided sufficient data to perform curve fitting, there was a quasi-linear increase in gut MDRO colonization of 1.41% per day which was stable through 30 days of ICU hospitalization (R
conclusionsAcquisition of gut MDRO was common in the ICU and increases with days spent in ICU through 30 days of follow-up. These data may guide future interventions seeking to prevent gut acquisition of MDRO in the ICU.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.