Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38942912›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

Dawn of diverse shelled and carbonaceous animal microfossils at ~ 571 Ma.

Luana Morais, Bernardo T Freitas, Thomas Rich Fairchild, Rolando Esteban Clavijo Arcos, Marcel Guillong, Derek Vance, Marcelo Da Roz de Campos, Marly Babinski, Luiz Gustavo Pereira, Juliana M Leme and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Luana MoraisDepartment of Geophysics, Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil. lumoraiss@ymail.com.
Bernardo T FreitasUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil. freitasb@unicamp.br.
Thomas Rich FairchildInstitute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Rolando Esteban Clavijo ArcosInstitute of Geochemistry and Petrology, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich, Clausiusstrasse 25, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
Marcel GuillongInstitute of Geochemistry and Petrology, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich, Clausiusstrasse 25, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
Derek VanceInstitute of Geochemistry and Petrology, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich, Clausiusstrasse 25, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
Marcelo Da Roz de CamposInstitute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Marly BabinskiInstitute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Luiz Gustavo PereiraInstitute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Juliana M LemeInstitute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Paulo C BoggianiInstitute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Gabriel L OsésPrograma de Pós-Doutorado, Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Rua do Matão, 1371, São Paulo, 05508090, Brazil.
Isaac D RudnitzkiDepartament of Geology, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
Douglas GalanteInstitute of Geosciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Fabio RodriguesDepartamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Ricardo I F TrindadeDepartment of Geophysics, Institute of Astronomy, Geophysics and Atmospheric Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Funding

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 165767/2021-9Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2016/05937-9Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2016/06114-6Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2018/03001-1Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2020/16140-0Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo 2023/14250-0Fundo de Apoio ao Ensino, à Pesquisa e Extensão, Universidade Estadual de Campinas 2625/21Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung 184873
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Ediacaran-Cambrian transition documents a critical stage in the diversification of animals. The global fossil record documents the appearance of cloudinomorphs and other shelled tubular organisms followed by non-biomineralized small carbonaceous fossils and by the highly diversified small shelly fossils between ~ 550 and 530 Ma. Here, we report diverse microfossils in thin sections and hand samples from the Ediacaran Bocaina Formation, Brazil, separated into five descriptive categories: elongate solid structures (ES); elongate filled structures (EF); two types of equidimensional structures (EQ 1 and 2) and elongate hollow structures with coiled ends (CE). These specimens, interpreted as diversified candidate metazoans, predate the latest Ediacaran biomineralized index macrofossils of the Cloudina-Corumbella-Namacalathus biozone in the overlying Tamengo Formation. Our new carbonate U-Pb ages for the Bocaina Formation, position this novel fossil record at 571 ± 9 Ma (weighted mean age). Thus, our data point to diversification of metazoans, including biomineralized specimens reminiscent of sections of cloudinids, protoconodonts, anabaritids, and hyolithids, in addition to organo-phosphatic surficial coverings of animals, demonstrably earlier than the record of the earliest known skeletonized metazoan fossils.

Indexed as

FossilsAnimalsAnimal ShellsBiological EvolutionBrazilPaleontology

Identifiers

PMID38942912
PMCPMC11213954

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.