ArticleAnnals of Ibadan postgraduate medicine2024
CURRENT LINES AND ANGLES USED IN PAEDIATRIC FOOT RADIOGRAPH: A SCOPING REVIEW OF LITERATURE.
Article in Annals of Ibadan postgraduate medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Radiographic Angle-Based Machine Learning Models for the Diagnosis of Pes Planus and Pes Cavus: A Large-Scale Study Using Weight-Bearing Lateral Foot Radiographs.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Méary Angle: A Historical Perspective and Contemporary Review.Foot & ankle orthopaedics · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: This article aimed to review the main currently described lines and angles and gather them in a single article and arrange them in a systematic way to facilitate the process of assessment of the pediatric foot for deformities. Methods: The review was a scoping literature review. Electronic database websites such as PubMed, Europe PMC, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar in addition to some books on anatomy and human movements biomechanics, diagnostic radiology, and orthopedics were searched for relevant articles for the topic of the present review. No statistical analysis was applied in this review. Results: Data from thirty articles included in this review were arranged into different subheadings. In the anteroposterior view (AP), assessment of the hindfoot deviation was by the AP talo-calcaneal angle (Kite's angle); the forefoot and midfoot for abduction and adduction alignment was by the AP talo-first metatarsal angle, the talo-second metatarsal angle, the calcaneo-second metatarsal angle, the calcaneofifth metatarsal angle; the forefoot and midfoot rotation was by observing the normal proximal convergence of the metatarsal bones axes. In the lateral view, assessment of the hindfoot sagittal plane alignment was by the lateral tibio-calcaneal angle; hindfoot varus or valgus deviation by the lateral talo-calcaneal angle; talus bone alignment by talar declination angle and the tibio-talar angle; calcaneal bone alignment by the calcaneal inclination angle and the tibio-calcaneal angle, the midfoot and forefoot sagittal plane alignment for the plantar arch by the lateral talo-first metatarsal -Meary's- angle, the calcaneal inclination angle, and the lateral calcaneofirst metatarsal -Hibbs- angle; forefoot and midfoot rotational alignment by observing the overlap shadows of the metatarsals' shafts and drawing their axes. Conclusion: Drawing certain lines and angles with a systematic approach to assess different regions of the foot in the radiographic films of children can facilitate the process of assessment of the foot (as a whole) for deformities.
Indexed as
Identifiers
38939887PMC11205722What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.