ArticleExtracellular vesicle2024
Host innate immune systems gather intel on invading microbes via pathogen-derived extracellular vesicles.
Article in Extracellular vesicle, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Fungal extracellular vesicles mediate conserved cross-species communication and immunomodulation.mBio · 2026Article
- Maternal β-carotene supplementation improves offspring growth, development, immunity, and intestinal microbiota in chickens via immune-mediated and microbial-mediated maternal effects.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles from diverse fungal pathogens induce species-specific and endocytosis-dependent immunomodulation.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Inflammation-triggered Gli1Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Article
- A Spatially Distributed Microneedle System for Bioorthogonal T Cell-Guided Cancer Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Inflammation-triggered Gli1Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles in laboratory medicine: a review and outlook.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Hepatocyte-derived tissue extracellular vesicles safeguard liver regeneration and support regenerative therapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound vesicles released into the extracellular milieu from various cell types including host cells and pathogens that infect them. As carriers of nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, metabolites, and virulence factors, EVs act as delivery vehicles for intercellular communication and quorum sensing. Innate immune cells have the capacity to intercept, internalize, and interpret 'messages' contained within these EVs. This review categorizes the ability of EVs secreted by bacterial, parasitic, and fungal pathogens to trigger both pro- and anti-inflammatory innate immune responses in the host. Understanding molecular pathways and inflammatory responses activated in innate immune cells upon pathogen-derived EV stimulation is critical to gain insight into potential therapeutics and combat these infectious diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.