ArticleNpj imaging2024
In vivo imaging using surface enhanced spatially offset raman spectroscopy (SESORS): balancing sampling frequency to improve overall image acquisition.
Article in Npj imaging, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Raman reporters for SERS/SERRS biosensing and biomedicine: design, applications, and challenges.Mikrochimica acta · 2026Review
- pH-Dependent Silica Nanoshell Degradation Influences SERRS Enhancement in Biological Environments.ACS measurement science au · 2026Article
- Article
- Raman and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for intraoperative cancer diagnostics: sentinel lymph node biopsy, biomarkers and translational challenges.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Interdisciplinary Nanomaterials for Biomedical Imaging and Sensing Applications.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Multifunctional Hydrogels for Advanced Cancer Treatment: Diagnostic Imaging and Therapeutic Modalities.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Biomedical Applications: Recent Advances and Future Challenges.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Review
- Advancements in SERS: Revolutionizing Biomedical Analysis and Applications.Nanotheranostics · 2025Review
- Advancing SERS as a quantitative technique: challenges, considerations, and correlative approaches to aid validation.Nano convergence · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In the field of optical imaging, the ability to image tumors at depth with high selectivity and specificity remains a challenge. Surface enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) nanoparticles (NPs) can be employed as image contrast agents to specifically target cells in vivo; however, this technique typically requires time-intensive point-by-point acquisition of Raman spectra. Here, we combine the use of "spatially offset Raman spectroscopy" (SORS) with that of SERRS in a technique known as "surface enhanced spatially offset resonance Raman spectroscopy" (SESORRS) to image deep-seated tumors in vivo. Additionally, by accounting for the laser spot size, we report an experimental approach for detecting both the bulk tumor, subsequent delineation of tumor margins at high speed, and the identification of a deeper secondary region of interest with fewer measurements than are typically applied. To enhance light collection efficiency, four modifications were made to a previously described custom-built SORS system. Specifically, the following parameters were increased: (i) the numerical aperture (NA) of the lens, from 0.2 to 0.34; (ii) the working distance of the probe, from 9 mm to 40 mm; (iii) the NA of the fiber, from 0.2 to 0.34; and (iv) the fiber diameter, from 100 μm to 400 μm. To calculate the sampling frequency, which refers to the number of data point spectra obtained for each image, we considered the laser spot size of the elliptical beam (6 × 4 mm). Using SERRS contrast agents, we performed in vivo SESORRS imaging on a GL261-Luc mouse model of glioblastoma at four distinct sampling frequencies: par-sampling frequency (12 data points collected), and over-frequency sampling by factors of 2 (35 data points collected), 5 (176 data points collected), and 10 (651 data points collected). In comparison to the previously reported SORS system, the modified SORS instrument showed a 300% improvement in signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). The results demonstrate the ability to acquire distinct Raman spectra from deep-seated glioblastomas in mice through the skull using a low power density (6.5 mW/mm
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.