ArticleFrontiers in immunology2024
Assessing the predictive value of smoking history for immunotherapy outcomes in bladder cancer patients.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Neural regulation in lung cancer: from mechanisms to new therapeutic perspectives.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- Smoking promotes the progression of bladder cancer through FOXM1/CKAP2L axis.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- BTG2-deficient mast cells remodel the tumor and tumor-draining lymph node microenvironment leading to chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
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Abstract
Background: The therapeutic effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in bladder cancer varies among individuals. Identifying reliable predictors of response to these therapies is crucial for optimizing patient outcomes. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 348 bladder cancer patients treated with ICIs, with additional validation using data from 248 patients at our institution who underwent PD-L1 immunohistochemical staining. We examined patient smoking history, clinicopathological characteristics, and immune phenotypes. The main focus was the correlation between smoking history and immunotherapy outcomes. Multivariate logistic and Cox proportional hazard regressions were used to adjust for confounders. Results: The study cohort comprised 348 bladder cancer patients receiving ICIs. Among them, 116 (33.3%) were never smokers, 197 (56.6%) were former smokers (median pack-years = 28), and 35 (10.1%) were current smokers (median pack-years = 40). Analysis revealed no statistically significant difference in overall survival across different smoking statuses (objective response rates were 11.4% for current smokers, 17.2% for never smokers, and 22.3% for former smokers; Conclusion: In conclusion, our study demonstrates the importance of incorporating smoking history in predicting the response to immunotherapy in bladder cancer patients, highlighting its role in personalized cancer treatment approaches. Further research is suggested to explore the comprehensive impact of lifestyle factors on treatment outcomes.
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