ArticleNature communications2024
Distinct functions of microtubules and actin filaments in the transportation of the male germ unit in pollen.
Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Molecular understanding of plant pollination, fertilization, seed development and protoplast regeneration.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- PEK14: A Kinesin-4 Necessary for Male-Derived Fertility in Arabidopsis thaliana.Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Interaction Between Actin and Microtubules During Plant Development.Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Nuclear Entanglement: New Insights Into the Role of Cytoskeleton and Nucleoskeleton in Plant Nuclear Function.Cytoskeleton (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Review
- Cytoskeletal control of development and environmental adaptation in plants.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- Microtubules in Arabidopsis pollen tubes are oriented away from the tube apex and are actin-independent at the cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Visualizing Pollen and Pollen Tube Development Using Fluorescence Microscopy.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Kinesins control male germ unit assembly for sperm delivery in Arabidopsis.Nature plants · 2025Article
- Kinesin proteins HUG1 and HUG2 are essential for the formation and transportation of male germ units in Arabidopsis pollen tubes.Nature plants · 2025Article
- Dynamic changes in chromatin structure and transcriptional activity in the generative cells of Lilium longiflorum.Journal of plant research · 2025Article
- The polar code for patterning: how polarity and the cytoskeleton orchestrate asymmetric cell division during plant development.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Establishing cell polarity in plants: the role of cytoskeletal structures and regulatory pathways.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Flowering plants rely on the polarized growth of pollen tubes to deliver sperm cells (SCs) to the embryo sac for double fertilization. In pollen, the vegetative nucleus (VN) and two SCs form the male germ unit (MGU). However, the mechanism underlying directional transportation of MGU is not well understood. In this study, we provide the first full picture of the dynamic interplay among microtubules, actin filaments, and MGU during pollen germination and tube growth. Depolymerization of microtubules and inhibition of kinesin activity result in an increased velocity and magnified amplitude of VN's forward and backward movement. Pharmacological washout experiments further suggest that microtubules participate in coordinating the directional movement of MGU. In contrast, suppression of the actomyosin system leads to a reduced velocity of VN mobility but without a moving pattern change. Moreover, detailed observation shows that the direction and velocity of VN's movement are in close correlations with those of the actomyosin-driven cytoplasmic streaming surrounding VN. Therefore, we propose that while actomyosin-based cytoplasmic streaming influences on the oscillational movement of MGU, microtubules and kinesins avoid MGU drifting with the cytoplasmic streaming and act as the major regulator for fine-tuning the proper positioning and directional migration of MGU in pollen.
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