SynthesisTobacco control2025
Neighbourhood inequities in the availability of retailers selling tobacco products: a systematic review.
Synthesis in Tobacco control, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Longitudinal analysis of geographical inequalities in retail density of tobacco and nicotine vapour products in Scotland, 2020-2024.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Industrial Air Toxicant Exposure and Individual Mortality: Evidence from the Americans' Changing Lives Cohort, 1986-2019.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Patterns of specialty tobacco retail locations and visitor counts in the USA.Tobacco control · 2026Article
- Simulating the Impact of Zoning Policies on Equitably Reducing Neighborhood Tobacco Retailer Availability.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2026Article
- Medicaid Expansion and Place-Based Disparities in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Survival.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Using standalone pharmacies to reduce tobacco retailer availability: neighbourhood associations and two competing policy options in four US states.Tobacco control · 2026Article
- Commercial tobacco retail marketing in rural communities in Appalachian Kentucky, 2024.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Article
- County-Level Structural Racism Indices and Racial Disparities in Lung Cancer Care.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Inequities in the compliance of court-ordered point-of-sale tobacco industry corrective statements, USA.Tobacco control · 2026Article
- The geographic distribution and community correlates of electronic cigarette use in Canada.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2026Article
- Feasibility and Impact of Local Retail Tobacco Policy in the United States: Views From Research and Practice.Health promotion practice · 2026Article
- Retail Availability of Oral Nicotine Pouches in Three US Cities: A Geographic Analysis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Development and validation of the Tobacco Use Individual-level Simulation and Tracking (TwIST) Model.PloS one · 2026Article
- College Students' Awareness of California's Law Prohibiting Sales of Flavored Tobacco.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Supply and demand effects between tobacco retailer density and smoking prevalence.Tobacco control · 2025Article
- Digital Smoking Cessation Preferences of Predominately Low-Income and Latino Residents of the San Joaquin Valley in California: Qualitative Study.JMIR formative research · 2025Article
- Patterns of tobacco retailer counts by zoning designations and sociodemographic characteristics in Oklahoma City and Tulsa, Oklahoma.Health & place · 2025Article
- Cooling down hotspots of retail tobacco products: addressing disparities in the built environment through policy.Health & place · 2025Article
- Tobacco retailer density and rurality across four US states: California, Connecticut, North Carolina, and Ohio.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine inequities in tobacco retailer availability by neighbourhood-level socioeconomic, racial/ethnic and same-sex couple composition. DATA SOURCES: We conducted a 10 November 2022 search of PubMed, PsycINFO, Global Health, LILACS, Embase, ABI/Inform, CINAHL, Business Source Complete, Web of Science and Scopus. STUDY SELECTION: We included records from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development member countries that tested associations of area-level measures of tobacco retailer availability and neighbourhood-level sociodemographic characteristics. Two coders reviewed the full text of eligible records (n=58), including 41 records and 205 effect sizes for synthesis. DATA EXTRACTION: We used dual independent screening of titles, abstracts and full texts. One author abstracted and a second author confirmed the study design, location, unit of analysis, sample size, retailer data source, availability measure, statistical approach, sociodemographic characteristic and unadjusted effect sizes. DATA SYNTHESIS: Of the 124 effect sizes related to socioeconomic inequities (60.5% of all effect sizes), 101 (81.5%) indicated evidence of inequities. Of 205 effect sizes, 69 (33.7%) tested associations between retailer availability and neighbourhood composition of racially and ethnically minoritised people, and 57/69 (82.6%) documented inequities. Tobacco availability was greater in neighbourhoods with more Black, Hispanic/Latine and Asian residents (82.8%, 90.3% and 40.0% of effect sizes, respectively). Two effect sizes found greater availability with more same-sex households.
conclusionsThere are stark inequities in tobacco retailer availability. Moving beyond documenting inequities to partnering with communities to design, implement, and evaluate interventions that reduce and eliminate inequities in retail availability is needed to promote an equitable retail environment. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42019124984.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.