Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38935903›Full record

SynthesisMedical mycology2024

Histoplasmosis: A systematic review to inform the World Health Organization of a fungal priority pathogens list.

Aiken Dao, Hannah Yejin Kim, Catriona L Halliday, Rita Oladele, Volker Rickerts, Nelesh P Govender MMed, Jong-Hee Shin, Jutta Heim, Nathan Paul Ford, Saskia Andrea Nahrgang and 6 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Medical mycology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Observational
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Reply.ACR open rheumatology · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Fungal Infections in Pediatric Patients With Hematologic Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation: Impact on the Upper and Lower Respiratory Systems.The Canadian journal of infectious diseases & medical microbiology = Journal canadien des maladies infectieuses et de la microbiologie medicale · 2026
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Usefulness of Serum as a Non-Invasive Sample for the Detection ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Veterinary sciences · 2025
    Article
  19. Observational
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Aiken DaoSydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-0631-2975
Hannah Yejin KimSydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.
Catriona L HallidayCentre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, New South Wales Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.
Rita OladeleDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.ORCID 0000-0003-1488-3345
Volker RickertsRobert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Nelesh P Govender MMedNational Institute for Communicable Diseases, Division of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-7869-9462
Jong-Hee ShinDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University School of Medicine, Gwangju, South Korea.
Jutta HeimScientific Advisory Committee, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
Nathan Paul FordDepartment of HIV, Viral Hepatitis and STIs, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Saskia Andrea NahrgangAntimicrobial Resistance Programme, World Health Organization European Office, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Valeria GiganteAMR Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Justin BeardsleySydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-1978-1559
Hatim SatiAMR Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
C Orla MorrisseyDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Jan-Willem AlffenaarSydney Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Sydney, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-6703-0288
Ana Alastruey-IzquierdoMycology Reference Laboratory, National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8651-4405

Funding

Ministry of Education and ScienceWorld Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Histoplasmosis, a significant mycosis primarily prevalent in Africa, North and South America, with emerging reports globally, poses notable health challenges, particularly in immunocompromised individuals such as people living with HIV/AIDS and organ transplant recipients. This systematic review, aimed at informing the World Health Organization's Fungal Priority Pathogens List, critically examines literature from 2011 to 2021 using PubMed and Web of Science, focusing on the incidence, mortality, morbidity, antifungal resistance, preventability, and distribution of Histoplasma. We also found a high prevalence (22%-44%) in people living with HIV, with mortality rates ranging from 21% to 53%. Despite limited data, the prevalence of histoplasmosis seems stable, with lower estimates in Europe. Complications such as central nervous system disease, pulmonary issues, and lymphoedema due to granuloma or sclerosis are noted, though their burden remains uncertain. Antifungal susceptibility varies, particularly against fluconazole (MIC: ≥32 mg/l) and caspofungin (MICs: 4-32 mg/l), while resistance to amphotericin B (MIC: 0.125-0.16 mg/l), itraconazole (MICs: 0.004-0.125 mg/l), and voriconazole (MICs: 0.004-0.125 mg/l) remains low. This review identifies critical knowledge gaps, underlining the need for robust, globally representative surveillance systems to better understand and combat this fungal threat.

Indexed as

Antifungal AgentsDrug Resistance, FungalHistoplasmaHistoplasmosisWorld Health OrganizationHumansImmunocompromised HostPrevalenceAntifungal Agentsantifungal resistanceclinical mycologyHistoplasmahistoplasmosisinvasive fungal infection

Identifiers

PMID38935903
PMCPMC11210611

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.