The Controlled Preparation of a Carrier-Free Nanoparticulate Formulation Composed of Curcumin and Piperine Using High-Gravity Technology.

Carrier-free nanoparticulate formulations are an advantageous platform for the oral administration of insoluble drugs with the expectation of improving their bioavailability. However, the key limitation of exploiting carrier-free nanoparticulate formulations is the controlled preparation of drug nanoparticles on the basis of rational prescription design. In the following study, we used curcumin (Cur) and piperine (Pip) as model water-insoluble drugs and developed a new method for the controlled preparation of carrier-free drug nanoparticles via multidrug co-assembly in a high-gravity environment. Encouraged by the controlled regulation of the nucleation and crystal growth rate of high-gravity technology accomplished by a rotating packed bed, co-amorphous Cur-Pip co-assembled multidrug nanoparticles with a uniform particle size of 130 nm were successfully prepared, exhibiting significantly enhanced dissolution performance and in vitro cytotoxicity. Moreover, the hydrogen bonding interactions between Cur and Pip in nanoparticles provide them with excellent re-dispersibility and storage stability. Moreover, the oral bioavailability of Cur was dramatically enhanced as a result of the smaller particle size of the co-assembled nanoparticles and the effective metabolic inhibitory effect of Pip. The present study provides a controlled approach to preparing a carrier-free nanoparticulate formulation through a multidrug co-assembly process in the high-gravity field to improve the oral bioavailability of insoluble drugs.