Frictional Properties of Soaps with the Addition of Ground Hazelnut Shells.

Jacek Mazur, Monika Wójcik, Renata Różyło, Paweł Sobczak, Marian Panasiewicz, Sławomir Obidziński

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Jacek MazurDepartment of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 28 Głeboka St., 20-612 Lublin, Poland.

Monika WójcikDepartment of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 28 Głeboka St., 20-612 Lublin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-2128-0334

Renata RóżyłoDepartment of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 28 Głeboka St., 20-612 Lublin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-3249-8929

Paweł SobczakDepartment of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 28 Głeboka St., 20-612 Lublin, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-2167-1498

Marian PanasiewiczDepartment of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 28 Głeboka St., 20-612 Lublin, Poland.

Sławomir ObidzińskiDepartment of Agri-Food Engineering and Environmental Management, Bialystok University of Technology, 45E Wiejska St., 15-351 Białystok, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-4678-996X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The search for new technologies and related new biological materials for use in the cosmetics industry requires many studies and analyses of not only chemical but also physical properties. This study attempts to assess the properties of soap produced with the addition of crushed hazelnut shells. This additive is intended to improve the friction properties of the soap, which in turn enhances the quality of removing impurities from the skin. Friction tests for wet and dry skin were performed on an appropriately designed measuring station using the Texture Analyser XT plus device. The obtained results indicate an increase in dynamic friction value compared to the control sample. This work proposes an unconventional use of ground hazelnut shells as one of the additives in soap production to improve its quality.

Indexed as

biological materialscosmeticshazelnut shellssoapsustainability development

Identifiers

PMID38930335

DOI10.3390/ma17122966

PMCPMC11205949

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.