Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38929348›Full record

ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2024

Application of Machine Learning for Automating Behavioral Tracking of Captive Bornean Orangutans (

Frej Gammelgård, Jonas Nielsen, Emilia J Nielsen, Malthe G Hansen, Aage K Olsen Alstrup, Juan O Perea-García, Trine H Jensen, Cino Pertoldi

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Brokering peace in the ape (culture) wars.Evolutionary human sciences · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Frej GammelgårdDepartment of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.ORCID 0009-0001-8577-5635
Jonas NielsenDepartment of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
Emilia J NielsenDepartment of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
Malthe G HansenDepartment of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.
Aage K Olsen AlstrupDepartment of Nuclear Medicine & PET, Aarhus University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul Jensens Boulevard 99, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-0084-9122
Juan O Perea-GarcíaFaculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, 2333 Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-6559-0652
Trine H JensenDepartment of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-9048-5280
Cino PertoldiDepartment of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Frederik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-4644-8981

Funding

Aalborg Zoo Conservation Foundation AZCF grant number 04-2023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This article applies object detection to CCTV video material to investigate the potential of using machine learning to automate behavior tracking. This study includes video tapings of two captive Bornean orangutans and their behavior. From a 2 min training video containing the selected behaviors, 334 images were extracted and labeled using Rectlabel. The labeled training material was used to construct an object detection model using Create ML. The use of object detection was shown to have potential for automating tracking, especially of locomotion, whilst filtering out false positives. Potential improvements regarding this tool are addressed, and future implementation should take these into consideration. These improvements include using adequately diverse training material and limiting iterations to avoid overfitting the model.

Indexed as

artificial intelligenceautomatic behavior trackingimage classificationobject detectionorangutanszoological institution

Identifiers

PMID38929348
PMCPMC11200399

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.