ArticleBMC infectious diseases2024
The effect of late presentation on HIV related mortality among adolescents in public hospitals of north showa zone Oromiya, Ethiopia; 2022: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Factors influencing the survival of patients with advanced HIV disease in Guinea from 2015 to 2024.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Cause-specific hazards of antiretroviral therapy programmatic adherence, defaulting and mortality among HIV/AIDS patients who had attained CD4 count recovery after antiretroviral therapy initiation in South Africa.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Article
- Evaluating compliance with quality indicators of HIV and AIDS clinical care and analyzing those associated with mortality in the Democratic Republic of Congo.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
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Abstract
backgroundLate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosis is the most prominent cause of HIV/AIDS-related mortality and also increases the risk of transmission and spread of the disease in society. Adolescents are the most vulnerable population's age group for HIV infection in several settings, but expanding access to early HIV testing remains a challenge. Consequently, a significant proportion of adolescents are still dying of HIV-related causes, and the current study aimed at assessing the effect of late presentation on HIV-related mortality among adolescents living with HIV.
methodsAn institutional-based retrospective cohort study was conducted from August 21-November 21, 2022, at selected public hospitals in the North Showa Zone of Oromiya, Ethiopia. All adolescents living with HIV who had received no ART and presented for ART follow-up at public hospitals from September 1, 2012, to August 31, 2021, were included in the study. Data entry was done by Epi-data version 3.1.1 software and exported to Stata version 16 for further analysis. Both bi-variable and multivariable analyses were performed using the Cox proportional hazard model to compare the HIV-related mortality of early and late-presented adolescents using an adjusted hazard ratio at a 95% confidence interval (CI).
resultsA total of 341 medical records of adolescents were included in the study, contributing an overall incidence rate of 3.15 (95% CI: 2.21-4.26) deaths per 100 person-years of observation throughout the total follow-up period of 1173.98 person-years. Adolescents with late presentation for HIV care had three times the higher hazard of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 3.00; 95% CI: 1.22-7.37) as compared to those with early presentation for HIV/AIDS care. Adolescents within the age range of 15-19 years old (aHR = 3.56; 95% CI: 1.44-8.77), rural residence (aHR = 2.81; 95% CI: 1.39-5.68), poor adherence to ART (aHR = 3.17; 95% CI: 1.49-6.76), and being anemic (aHR = 3.09; 95% CI: 1.52-6.29) were other independent predictors of HIV-related mortality.
conclusionThe study found a substantial link between HIV late presentation to care and mortality among adolescents. Residence, age, antiretroviral therapy (ART) medication adherence, and anemia status were also found to be other independent predictors of HIV-related mortality. To achieve the ultimate aim of lowering mortality among adolescents living with HIV, rigorous emphasis must be placed on early presentation for HIV/AIDS care. In addition, counseling on adherence and prompt diagnosis and treatment of anemia are highly recommended to reduce mortality.
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