ArticleBMJ open gastroenterology2024
Role of prescribed medication in the development of iron deficiency anaemia in adults-a case-control study.
Article in BMJ open gastroenterology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Recommendations for implementing patient blood management-an updated modified Delphi consensus from a multidisciplinary expert panel in Hong Kong.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2026Review
- The association of proton pump inhibitors and inflammatory bowel disease from the perspective of gut microbiota perturbation.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Review
- Evaluating Helicobacter pylori Infection as a Risk Factor for Iron Deficiency Anemia: A Case-Control Approach.Cureus · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveTo estimate the strength of association between exposure to selected classes of prescribed medications and the risk of developing iron deficiency anaemia (IDA), specifically considering oral anticoagulants (OACs), antidepressants, antiplatelet agents, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatories.
designA case-control study involving the analysis of community repeat prescriptions among subjects referred with IDA, and unmatched controls referred as gastroenterology fast-tracks for other indications. Multivariable logistic regression modelling was used to calculate ORs for the association between IDA presentation and each medication class, adjusted for age, sex and coprescribing. For those classes showing significance, it was also used to calculate risk differences between those in the IDA group with or without haemorrhagic lesions on investigation.
resultsA total of 1210 cases were analysed-409 in the IDA group, and 801 in the control group. Significant associations were identified between presentation with IDA and long-term exposure to PPIs (OR 3.29, 95% CI: 2.47 to 4.41, p<0.001) and to OACs (OR 2.04, 95% CI: 1.29 to 3.24, p=0.002). IDA was not associated with long-term exposure to any of the other three drug classes. In contrast to the relationship with PPIs, the association with OACs was primarily in the IDA sub-group with haemorrhagic lesions.
conclusionLong-term exposure to PPIs and OACs are independently associated with the risk of developing IDA. There are grounds for considering that these associations may be causal, though the underlying mechanisms probably differ.
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