Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38922854›Full record

Trial reportDevelopmental medicine and child neurology2025

Functioning and activity outcomes of the Akwenda Intervention Program for children and young adults with cerebral palsy in Uganda: A cluster-randomized trial.

Elizabeth Asige, Gillian Saloojee, Carin Andrews, Lukia H Namaganda, Angelina Kakooza-Mwesige, Diane L Damiano, Hans Forssberg

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Developmental medicine and child neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Trial
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Elizabeth AsigeDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Gillian SaloojeeDepartment of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-1582-0151
Carin AndrewsDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-9928-4423
Lukia H NamagandaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Angelina Kakooza-MwesigeDepartment of Pediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.ORCID 0000-0002-1189-3671
Diane L DamianoRehabilitation Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2770-5356
Hans ForssbergDepartment of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-2069-6618

Funding

Stiftelsen Frimurare Barnhuset i StockholmStiftelsen PromobiliaStiftelsen Sunnerdahls HandikappfondVetenskapsrådet 2017-05474
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimTo evaluate the efficacy of the Akwenda Intervention Program on motor, self-care, and social function of children and young people with cerebral palsy (CP).

methodThis was a cluster-randomized, controlled, single-blinded, intervention study of 100 participants with CP (2-23 years; 52 males) in rural eastern Uganda. Half were allocated to the intervention program, the remainder served as waitlist controls. Gross Motor Function Measure-66 (GMFM-66) and the Ugandan version of Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI-UG) were collected before group allocation and after intervention. General linear models and t-tests were used to compare changes within and between groups. Cohen's d estimated the effect size of group differences. Change scores were evaluated by age and mobility subgroups.

resultsSignificant group by time interactions were found for GMFM-66 (p =0.003) and PEDI-UG outcomes (p <0.001), except mobility, with the intervention group demonstrating greater changes. Both groups increased their scores on the GMFM-66 and child PEDI-UG, while only the intervention group had significant increases in caregiver assistance scores and across all age and mobility subgroups. Cohen's d showed large effect sizes (d >0.8) of differences for PEDI-UG outcomes except mobility.

interpretationThe Akwenda Intervention Program had a large positive impact on functioning and activity across age and mobility levels.

Indexed as

Cerebral PalsyAdolescentAdultChildChild, PreschoolDisability EvaluationFemaleHumansMaleOutcome Assessment, Health CareSelf CareSingle-Blind MethodTreatment OutcomeUgandaYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID38922854
PMCPMC11625466

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.