Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38922338›Full record

ArticleClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2024

Combination Targeted Therapy with Pembrolizumab and Lenvatinib in Progressive, Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancers.

Jena D French, Bryan R Haugen, Francis P Worden, Daniel W Bowles, Andrew G Gianoukakis, Bhavana Konda, Ramona Dadu, Eric J Sherman, Shaylene McCue, Nathan R Foster and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Guideline
  2. Covalent FAPI Imaging-Guided Precision Surgery in Patients with Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Phase II Clinical Trial.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Jena D French *Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.ORCID 0000-0002-8881-6543
Bryan R Haugen *Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.ORCID 0000-0001-7005-8994
Francis P WordenDepartment of Medicine, University of Michigan, Rogel Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan.ORCID 0000-0002-6632-4951
Daniel W BowlesUniversity of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado.ORCID 0000-0003-1406-0963
Andrew G GianoukakisDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.ORCID 0000-0002-8411-7059
Bhavana KondaDivision of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio.ORCID 0000-0002-9099-5990
Ramona DaduDepartment of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.ORCID 0000-0002-3776-208X
Eric J ShermanDavid H. Koch Center for Cancer Care, Memorial Slone Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.ORCID 0000-0002-4960-4783
Shaylene McCueDivision of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.ORCID 0009-0004-2245-3323
Nathan R FosterDivision of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.ORCID 0000-0002-2874-1295
Yuri E NikiforovDepartment of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.ORCID 0000-0002-2239-1095
Ticiana D J FariasDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.ORCID 0000-0002-3606-2428
Paul J NormanDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.ORCID 0000-0001-8370-7703
Lori J WirthMassachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.ORCID 0000-0002-2629-2289

Funding

University of Colorado Cancer Center Support Grant - Lung Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts with Autologous Human Immune SystemsP30CA046934 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI James V Degregori · 1988 to 2026
$117.0M
Insights Into Immune-Related Diseases Born from Population GenomicsU01AI090905 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO DENVER · PI Paul John Norman · 2010 to 2026
$10.9M
Cancer League of Colorado (CLC) 193539-PNInternational Thyroid Oncology GroupMerck Company FoundationNCI NIH HHS P30 CA046934NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI090905
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeLenvatinib, a potent multikinase inhibitor, improves progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with radioiodine (RAI)-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer; however, most patients experience disease progression, warranting further therapy. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab in these patients. PATIENTS AND

methodsWe enrolled patients with progressive, RAI-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer who were either naïve to multikinase inhibitors (cohort 1) or who had progressed on lenvatinib (cohort 2). Patients received oral lenvatinib daily (cohort 1, 20 mg; cohort 2, dose at progression) and intravenous pembrolizumab (200 mg) every 21 days.

resultsIn cohorts 1 and 2, 30 and 27 patients were enrolled, respectively. Adverse events were consistent with those observed in other cancers. In cohort 1, the confirmed overall response rate was 65.5%. There were no complete responses (primary endpoint). The 12- and 18-month PFS were 72.0% and 58.0%, respectively, and the median PFS was 26.8 months. In cohort 2, the confirmed overall response rate was 16% (primary endpoint), and the median PFS was 10.0 months (95% confidence interval, 7.0-17.9 months). Tumor histology, driver mutations, and immune-related biomarkers, including PD-L1 expression, thyroid-specific antibody levels, and CD8+ T-cell tumor infiltrate, did not correlate with response to therapy. Increased baseline peripheral blood monocytes and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio were associated with a worse PFS in cohort 1.

conclusionsLenvatinib plus pembrolizumab may enhance the durability of lenvatinib monotherapy in lenvatinib-naïve patients. Furthermore, the addition of pembrolizumab may be a viable salvage therapy for patients who have progressed on lenvatinib.

Indexed as

Antibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsIodine RadioisotopesPhenylurea CompoundsQuinolinesThyroid NeoplasmsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProtein Kinase InhibitorsAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedIodine RadioisotopeslenvatinibpembrolizumabPhenylurea CompoundsProtein Kinase InhibitorsQuinolines

Identifiers

PMID38922338
PMCPMC11883846

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.