SynthesisThe Iowa orthopaedic journal2024
Menstrual Cycle Hormone Relaxin and ACL Injuries in Female Athletes: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in The Iowa orthopaedic journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Age-related differences in the effectiveness of neuromuscular training for preventing anterior cruciate ligament injuries in athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- The Influence of the Phases of the Menstrual Cycle on Intrinsic Injury Risk Factors in Eumenorrheic Female Athletes or Physically Active Women-A Systematic Review.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Anatomy of the Human Linea Alba: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2026Article
- Exploration on the influence of menstrual cycle phase on biceps brachii tendon mechanics.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Hormonal Stabilization of the Bone-Metabolic Environment: Implications for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Integrity and Bone-Graft Integration.Journal of bone metabolism · 2026Article
- Article
- The Role of Anthropometry in Decision-Making for Injury Prevention Among Elite Flag Football Players.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Integrating Mechanical Loading, Mechanotransduction, and Biological Responses in Musculoskeletal Tissues Across the Lifespan: Regulation Influenced by Cells, Extracellular Matrix, and Sex.Results and problems in cell differentiation · 2026Review
- Menstrual cycle hormonal fluctuations and their associations with athletic performance and injury susceptibility in female athletes.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Review
- Anterior cruciate ligament injury incidence in male and female soccer players: A longitudinal study over six consecutive seasons.Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA · 2025Article
- Navigating vaginal delivery in a patient with severe uterine prolapse: A case report.Case reports in women's health · 2025Article
- Evaluation the Impact of Hormonal Fluctuations During the Menstrual Cycle on the Performance of Female Athletes-Systematic Review.Muscles (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Regulation of Joint Tissues and Joint Function: Is There Potential for Lessons to Be Learned Regarding Regulatory Control from Joint Hypermobility Syndromes?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Lower Limb Injuries in Women's Handball, Protocols, and Most Common Tests: A Systematic Review.Translational sports medicine · 2025Review
- Biomarkers of Injury Severity in Shoulder Instability and Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis.JB & JS open accessReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Female athletes are at increased risk for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. The influence of hormonal variation on female ACL injury risk remains ill-defined. Recent data suggests that the collagen-degrading menstrual hormone relaxin may cyclically impact female ACL tissue quality. This review aims to identify any correlation between menstrual relaxin peaks and rates of female ACL injury. Methods: A systematic review was performed, utilizing the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases. Included studies had to directly address relaxin/female ACL interactions. The primary outcome variable was relaxin proteolysis of the ACL, at cellular, tissue, joint, and whole-organism levels. The secondary outcome variable was any discussed method of moderating relaxin levels, and the clinical results if available. Results: AllThe numerous relaxin receptors on female ACLs upregulate local collagenolysis and suppress local collagen production. Peak serum relaxin concentrations (SRC) occur during menstrual cycle days 21-24; a time phase associated with greater risk of ACL injury. Oral contraceptives (OCPs) reduce SRC, with a potential ACLprotective effect. Conclusion: A reasonable correlative and plausible causative relationship exists between peak relaxin levels and increased risk of ACL injury in females, and further investigation is warranted.
Indexed as
Identifiers
38919370PMC11195904What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.