ReviewThe Lancet. Global health2024
Hypoxaemia and risk of death among children: rethinking oxygen saturation, risk-stratification, and the role of pulse oximetry in primary care.
Review in The Lancet. Global health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Diagnostic accuracy of tachypnoea for predicting mortality and identifying sepsis in young infants aged 0-59 days: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ paediatrics open · 2026Pooled it
- The prevalence of hypoxaemia in paediatric and adult patients in health-care facilities in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Pooled it
- Oxygen therapy for children with an oxygen saturation of 90-93% in Malawi: the NoGoLOBMJ paediatrics open · 2026Trial
- Correlation of pulse oximetry with arterial blood gas-derived oxygen saturation in ICU patients on supplemental oxygen: a cross-sectional study.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Added value of routine pulse oximetry use within Integrated Management of Childhood Illness guidelines in primary care in West Africa: insight from AIRE.BMJ global health · 2026Article
- Early laboratory-based differentiation of severe influenza pneumonia and influenza-associated encephalopathy in children using a multi-model, stability-aware machine-learning workflow: a single-center retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Predictors of Length of Hospital Stay Among Under-Five Children with Clinical Pneumonia at a Rural Tertiary Hospital Setting in South Africa.Pediatric reports · 2026Article
- Predicting referral need for febrile children in low-resource community settings in South and Southeast Asia.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Survival of hypoxaemic patients treated with solar-powered oxygen in rural Somalia hospitals: a prospective, observational study.EBioMedicine · 2026Observational
- Facilitators and barriers to adherence to severe malaria treatment guidelines in children at Mbale Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda: a health workers' perspective.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Psychomotor Development in Pediatric Patients with Congenital Heart Defects Prior to Surgical Intervention: Findings from a Prospective Cross-Sectional Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- A cost-consequence analysis of the children's administration oxygenation strategies trial (COAST) in severe pneumonia.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Is PESI a reliable tool for predicting early mortality in acute pulmonary embolism? Real-life evidence from a single-center study.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2025Article
- Care management and determinants of day 14 mortality in severely ill children aged under 5 years subsequent to hypoxaemia diagnosed using routine pulse oximetry in primary care: evidence from the AIRE project.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Understanding health innovation adoption: a realist evaluation of pulse oximeter implementation in primary care for children under 5 in four West African countries.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a novel clinical risk score to predict hypoxaemia in children with pneumonia using the WHO PREPARE dataset.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Reducing global inequities in medical oxygen access: the Lancet Global Health Commission on medical oxygen security.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Review
- Understanding pulse oximetry adoption in primary healthcare facilities in Nigeria: a realist process evaluation of the INSPIRING-Lagos stabilisation room project.BMJ public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Pulse oximeters are essential for assessing blood oxygen levels in emergency departments, operating theatres, and hospital wards. However, although the role of pulse oximeters in detecting hypoxaemia and guiding oxygen therapy is widely recognised, their role in primary care settings is less clear. In this Viewpoint, we argue that pulse oximeters have a crucial role in risk-stratification in both hospital and primary care or outpatient settings. Our reanalysis of hospital and primary care data from diverse low-income and middle-income settings shows elevated risk of death for children with moderate hypoxaemia (ie, peripheral oxygen saturations [SpO
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