ReviewFuture microbiology2024
Vaccine-induced strain replacement: theory and real-life implications.
Review in Future microbiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Epidemiological, immunological and virulence characteristics of persistent Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine serotypes following vaccine introduction.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Autogenous vaccines: an alternative approach to disease control in poultry.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- A low-cost platform for automated cervical cytology: addressing health and socioeconomic challenges in low-resource settings.Frontiers in medical technology · 2025Article
- Rapid serogroup classification of the footrot pathogenFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The value of preventive medicine is superior to treatment with vaccinations occupying high priority. Nevertheless, heavy pressure has started to form in regard to strains not included in vaccines contributing to the changing epidemiology of pathogen subtypes leading to 'vaccine-induced strain replacement'. Among other mechanisms, increasing fitness of nonvaccine strains and metabolic shifts in the subtypes have been described. Classical examples include pneumococcal infections and viral diseases, such as the human papilloma virus. Recently, it has been described in SARS-CoV-2, leading to the emergence of new subtypes, such as Omicron and Delta variants. The phenomenon has also been reported in
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.