Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38913215›Full record

ArticleJournal of gambling studies2025

The Dependence of Online Gambling Businesses on High-Spending Customers: Quantification and Implications.

David Forrest, Ian G McHale

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of gambling studies, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

David ForrestUniversity of Liverpool Management School, Chatham Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZH, UK. david.forrest@liverpool.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0565-3396
Ian G McHaleUniversity of Liverpool Management School, Chatham Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZH, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7686-3879

Funding

GambleAware none
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Online gambling has grown to be a significant industry but it faces regulatory threats because of perception that it is heavily dependent on a small segment of its customers who gamble heavily and at a level carrying elevated risk of harm. Employing a large multi-operator data set from Britain, which records individual transactions by some 140,000 individuals observed over one year, we are enabled to provide more precise estimates of the degree of concentration of revenue, compared with previous studies. High dependence on a relatively small number of customers is shown though there is variation from product to product in how small the group of account-holders of potential concern is. We conclude with a discussion of prospects for the industry in light of heightened awareness of gambling harm and resulting restrictions on online gambling spending introduced or proposed by governments or regulators in several jurisdictions.

Indexed as

Behavior, AddictiveCommerceGamblingInternetHumansUnited KingdomGambling harmGambling regulationOnline gamblingPareto principle

Identifiers

PMID38913215
PMCPMC12116851

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.