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ArticleCentral nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry2025

The Smart Drug Delivery of Rotigotine Using Transdermal Patch for the Successful Management of Parkinson's Disease.

Jose Prakash Dharmian, Angelin Claret Seraphim PushpaNathan, Prakash Ramakrishnan, Raja Navamani Subramanian, Jayachandran David Levy, Pavazhaviji Palani, Venkateshwaran Krishnaswami

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Article in Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jose Prakash DharmianDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600048, India.
Angelin Claret Seraphim PushpaNathanDepartment of Computational Intelligence, School of Computing, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, School of Computing, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 603203, India.
Prakash RamakrishnanDepartment of Pharmacology, Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600048, India.
Raja Navamani SubramanianDepartment of Pharmacology, Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600048, India.
Jayachandran David LevyDepartment of Pharmaceutics, S. A. Raja Pharmacy College, Vadakangulam, Tirunelveli, 627116, Tamil Nadu, India.
Pavazhaviji PalaniDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Crescent School of Pharmacy, B.S.Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science & Technology, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600048, India.
Venkateshwaran KrishnaswamiDepartment of Pharmaceutics, S. A. Raja Pharmacy College, Vadakangulam, Tirunelveli, 627116, Tamil Nadu, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA Non-Ergot Dopamine Agonist (NEDA) rotigotine has been designed as a new transdermal drug delivery system.

aimTo maintain optimum homogeneity in drug content, the rotigotine transdermal patch was developed utilizing a solvent casting technique.

methodsThe characteristics of a transdermal patch, including patch weight, folding endurance, patch thickness, surface morphology, tensile strength, swelling rate, surface pH, in vitro release studies, water retention rate, uniformity of drug content, and ex-vivo permeation studies, were determined.

resultsIn vitro drug release studies unequivocally demonstrated that drug release controlled polymer interactions. There was no apparent lag period before the drug release rate started to decline. The developed patch showed 70 ± 1.18 % of prolongation of drug release within 24 hours. The result of the penetration studies demonstrated that 61 ± 2.52% of rotigotine permeated through the epidermal barrier within 24 h.

conclusionThe developed transdermal patch comprising rotigotine was evidently placed on the dermis layer, and an appropriate dose was delivered into circulation for a longer time based on the aforementioned factors. The findings of this study illustrate the effective approach of transdermal patches to treat Parkinson's disease.

Indexed as

Antiparkinson AgentsDopamine AgonistsDrug Delivery SystemsParkinson DiseaseTetrahydronaphthalenesThiophenesTransdermal PatchAdministration, CutaneousAnimalsDrug LiberationSkin AbsorptionAntiparkinson AgentsDopamine AgonistsrotigotineTetrahydronaphthalenesThiophenesnon-ergot dopamine agonist.Parkinson’s diseasepenetration testrotigotinesolvent casting methodtransdermal patch

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.