Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38910110›Full record

ArticleClinical and molecular hepatology2024

Burden of mortality from hepatocellular carcinoma and biliary tract cancers by race and ethnicity and sex in US, 2018-2023.

Donghee Kim, Richie Manikat, Karn Wijarnpreecha, George Cholankeril, Aijaz Ahmed

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical and molecular hepatology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed.

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  14. Global Burden, Trends, and Inequalities of Gallbladder and Biliary Tract Cancer, 1990-2021: A Decomposition and Age-Period-Cohort Analysis.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Donghee KimDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Richie ManikatDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Karn WijarnpreechaDepartment of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
George CholankerilLiver Center, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Michael E DeBakey Department of General Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Aijaz AhmedDivision of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUNDS/

aimsThe trends in mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and biliary tract cancers stratified by sex and race/ethnicity in the US continue to evolve. We estimated the sex- and race/ethnicity-based trends in HCC and biliary tract cancers-related mortality in US adults with a focus on disease burden.

methodsWe performed a population-based analysis using the US national mortality records from 2018 to 2023. We identified HCC and biliary tract cancer using appropriate ICD-10 codes. Temporal trends in mortality were calculated by joinpoint analysis with annual percentage change (APC).

resultsAnnual age-standardized mortality from HCC decreased steadily with an APC of -1.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: -2.0% to -0.7%). While there was a linear increase in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma-related mortality (APC: 3.1%, 95% CI: 1.2-4.9%) and ampulla of Vater cancer-related mortality (APC: 4.1%, 95% CI: 0.5-7.9%), gallbladder cancer-related mortality decreased (APC: -1.9%, 95% CI: -3.8% to -0.0%). Decreasing trends in mortality from HCC were noted in males, not females. HCC-related mortality decreased more steeply in racial and ethnic minority individuals compared with non-Hispanic White individuals. Racial and ethnic differences in trends in mortality for biliary tract cancers depended on the malignancy's anatomical site.

conclusionWhile the annual mortality for HCC and gallbladder cancer demonstrated declining trends, ICC- and AVC-related mortality continued to increase from 2018 to 2023. Although racial and ethnic minority individuals in the US experienced disproportionately higher HCC and biliary tract cancer, recent declines in HCC may be primarily due to declines among racial and ethnic minority individuals and males.

Indexed as

Biliary Tract NeoplasmsCarcinoma, HepatocellularLiver NeoplasmsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCholangiocarcinomaEthnicityFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRacial GroupsSex FactorsUnited StatesCholangiocarcinomaDeathGallbladder cancerLiver cancerNVSS

Identifiers

PMID38910110
PMCPMC11540356

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.