Evidence map›Paper›PMID 38909566›Full record

ReviewDevelopmental cognitive neuroscience2024

What ergodicity means for you.

Michael D Hunter, Zachary F Fisher, Charles F Geier

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Developmental cognitive neuroscience, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Detecting Critical Change in Dynamics Through Outlier Detection with Time-Varying Parameters.The British journal of mathematical and statistical psychology · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Non-ergodicity in ecology and evolution.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Modeling the dynamics of addiction relapse via the double-well potential system.Journal of psychopathology and clinical science · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Michael D HunterDepartment of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. Electronic address: mdh282@psu.edu.
Zachary F FisherDepartment of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Charles F GeierDepartment of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper explores the relation between within-person and between-person research designs using the concept of ergodicity from statistical mechanics in physics. We demonstrate the consequences of ergodicity using several real data examples from previously published studies. We then create several simulated examples that illustrate the independence of within-person processes from between-person differences, and pair these examples with analytic results that reinforce our conclusions. Finally, we discuss the plausibility of ergodicity being the general rule rather than the exception for social and behavioral processes, address common arguments against heeding the implications of ergodicity for behavioral research, and offer several possible solutions.

Indexed as

Research DesignBehavioral ResearchHumansBetween-personIndividual differencesTime seriesWithin-person

Identifiers

PMID38909566
PMCPMC11254532

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.