ArticleOdontology2025
Examining enamel-surface demineralization upon exposure to acidic solutions and the remineralization potential of milk and artificial saliva.
Article in Odontology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Influence of commercial mouth rinses with different formulations on enamel properties during at-home bleaching.Odontology · 2026Article
- Impact of soy- and milk-based yogurts on enamel preservation: erosion and abrasion under simulated conditions.Clinical oral investigations · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the remineralization effect of goat milk compared to cow milk and artificial saliva on demineralized enamel (an in vitro study).Odontology · 2026Article
- Impact of demineralization, brushing, and remineralization sequences on dentin mineral retention and surface properties.Odontology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of the effectiveness of different remineralization agents on primary and permanent teeth exposed to acidic liquids: a randomized controlled in vitro study.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Impact of Demineralization Time on Enamel Microhardness Reduction and Lesion Depth: An In Vitro Study.Cureus · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The enamel surface may undergo demineralization due to exposure to acidic substances and the remineralization of the etched enamel is crucial to regain or maintain integrity. This study aimed to investigate the erosive effect of 10 acidic solutions on tooth enamel and the remineralization capacity of milk and artificial saliva by measuring surface roughness (Ra), enamel depth, and microhardness. A total of 80 bovine incisor enamel specimens were immersed in 10 different acidic solutions, including four different acidic drinks, three different citric acid solutions, and three different citric acid buffer solutions, for 1 h. After demineralization, the specimens were immersed in milk and artificial saliva for 3 h. Surface roughness, enamel abraded depth, and microhardness were measured before demineralization, in-between time intervals and after remineralization. Data were analyzed using Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p < 0.05). The results indicate a significant difference in surface roughness between the measurements taken at different time intervals, particularly between the baseline and after 1 h demineralization. Also, the specimens immersed in CAB1 exhibited greatest increase in Ra among other acidic solutions (Δ: 0.18 ± 0.07). Moreover, only the microhardness increased after remineralization (p < 0.05). Enamel demineralization using various acidic solutions revealed increased Ra and enamel abraded depth, and decreased microhardness. The use of remineralization agents, milk and artificial saliva, demonstrated an increase in microhardness. This study provides insights into the effects of different acidic solutions and potential remineralization agents on tooth enamel.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.