ReviewFrontiers in immunology2024
State-of-the-art diagnosis of autoimmune blistering diseases.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Guidelines on the Use of Therapeutic Apheresis in Clinical Practice-Evidence-Based Approach From the Writing Committee of the American Society for Apheresis: The Tenth Special Issue.Journal of clinical apheresis · 2026Guideline
- European S2k guidelines on management of autoimmune blistering diseases in children and adolescents.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2026Guideline
- Diagnostic Agreement in Subepidermal Blistering Diseases: Is ELISA Test Reliable as Direct Immunofluorescence? A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis.Journal of oral pathology & medicine : official publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology · 2026Pooled it
- Diagnostic accuracy of serological tests for dermatitis herpetiformis: systematic review and Bayesian meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- [New treatment options for autoimmune bullous diseases].Dermatologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- A Long Way to Diagnosis: Linear IgA Dermatosis Mimicking Prurigo Pigmentosa.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2026Article
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Multimodal Large Language Models for Four-Class Benchmark of Oral Autoimmune Blistering Diseases: A Multicenter Paired Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- ECMO Support in Paraneoplastic Pemphigus With Respiratory Failure: A Case Report With Immune Cell Monitoring.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Cross-sectional Study of Dermatitis Herpetiformis with Focus on Neurological Comorbidities.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2026Article
- Patient Perspectives on Treatment Outcomes and Priorities in Autoimmune Bullous Diseases: An Exploratory Survey among Dutch Patients.Dermatology (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Autoimmune Bullous Diseases: Therapeutic Update.Drugs · 2026Review
- Selective Complement Inhibition in Anti-p200 Pemphigoid: Immune Infiltrate Profiles and Therapeutic Implications Compared to Bullous Pemphigoid.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Case Report: A case report of bullous pemphigoid triggered by sintilimab (PD-1 inhibitor).Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Clinical improvement of pemphigus-like mucocutaneous disease in a patient with CLL following initiation of zanubrutinib: a case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Clinical and immunopathological spectrum of immunoglobulin M pemphigoid: a multicenter case series.Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft = Journal of the German Society of Dermatology : JDDG · 2025Article
- Desquamative Gingivitis and the Oral Microbiome: Insights into Immune-Microbial Interactions in Mucosal Inflammation.Dentistry journal · 2025Review
- Pulmonary small lymphocytic lymphoma combined with paraneoplastic pemphigus and bronchiolitis obliterans: a case report.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Antibodies to Laminin β4 in Pemphigoid Diseases: Clinical-Laboratory Experience of a Single Central European Reference Centre.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- A Clinico-Epidemiological Study of Various Autoimmune Vesiculobullous Disorders in a Tertiary Care Center.Cureus · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autoimmune blistering disorders (AIBDs) are a heterogeneous group of approximately a dozen entities comprising pemphigus and pemphigoid disorders and dermatitis herpetiformis. The exact diagnosis of AIBDs is critical for both prognosis and treatment and is based on the clinical appearance combined with the detection of tissue-bound and circulating autoantibodies. While blisters and erosions on the skin and/or inspectable mucosal surfaces are typical, lesions may be highly variable with erythematous, urticarial, prurigo-like, or eczematous manifestations. While direct immunofluorescence microscopy (IFM) of a perilesional biopsy is still the diagnostic gold standard, the molecular identification of the major target antigens opened novel therapeutic avenues. At present, most AIBDs can be diagnosed by the detection of autoantigen-specific serum antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or indirect IFM when the clinical picture is known. This is achieved by easily available and highly specific and sensitive assays employing recombinant immunodominant fragments of the major target antigens, i.e., desmoglein 1 (for pemphigus foliaceus), desmoglein 3 (for pemphigus vulgaris), envoplakin (for paraneoplastic pemphigus), BP180/type XVII collagen (for bullous pemphigoid, pemphigoid gestationis, and mucous membrane pemphigoid), laminin 332 (for mucous membrane pemphigoid), laminin β4 (for anti-p200 pemphigoid), type VII collagen (for epidermolysis bullosa acquisita and mucous membrane pemphigoid), and transglutaminase 3 (for dermatitis herpetiformis). Indirect IFM on tissue substrates and in-house ELISA and immunoblot tests are required to detect autoantibodies in some AIBD patients including those with linear IgA disease. Here, a straightforward modern approach to diagnosing AIBDs is presented including diagnostic criteria according to national and international guidelines supplemented by long-term in-house expertise.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.