ArticlePlastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open2024
Comparing Gender Congruency in Nonsurgical versus Postsurgical Top Surgery Patients: A Prospective Survey Study.
Article in Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mental Health, Gender Dysphoria, and Quality of Life in Trans Individuals Following Top Surgery: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Urological care for sexual and gender minorities: a narrative review toward equitable care.Current opinion in urology · 2026Review
- A call for greater attention to embodied change in trans health research.International journal of transgender health · 2026Article
- Postsurgical Pain, Psychosocial Functioning, and Cannabis Use Among Adolescents and Young Adults Undergoing Gender-Affirming Surgery.Transgender health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Gender dysphoria can result in reduced quality of life. Treatments include hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and gender-affirming surgery. Our study compared congruency, satisfaction, and discrimination in patients who underwent top surgery and HRT versus HRT alone. We hypothesized improved outcomes in top surgery patients but that lack of access is a common barrier. Methods: Transgender and nonbinary subjects who underwent at least 6 months of HRT were recruited and answered questions on gender congruency, discrimination, and barriers to care. Surgical patients were asked about postoperative satisfaction using the BREAST-Q. A Mann-Whitney test compared survey responses between study arms. Results: One hundred twelve eligible subjects completed the survey. Surgical subjects answered significantly more positively ( Conclusions: Top surgery, in addition to HRT, significantly improves gender congruency and decreases discrimination and abuse, compared with HRT alone. Unfortunately, barriers including cost and lack of insurance continue to be obstacles for care.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.